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46 S. Tex. L. Rev. 695 (2004-2005)
Spare the Death Penalty, Spoil the Child: How the Execution of Juveniles Violates the Eighth Amendment's Ban on Cruel and Unusual Punishment in 2005

handle is hein.journals/stexlr46 and id is 711 raw text is: SPARE THE DEATH PENALTY, SPOIL THE CHILD: HOW THE EXECUTION OF JUVENILES VIOLATES THE EIGHTH AMENDMENT'S BAN ON CRUEL AND UNUSUAL PUNISHMENT IN 2005 I. INTRO D UCTION ............................................................................ 695 II. HISTORY OF JUVENILE EXECUTIONS ....................................... 698 A. Execution of Juveniles at Common Law and in Early A m erican Jurisprudence ....................................................... 698 B. The Reformation of the American Juvenile Justice System in 1899 ....................................................................... 699 C. M odern Death Penalty Statutes ............................................ 700 III. THE SUPREME COURT CONTROVERSY REGARDING WHICH EVOLVING STANDARDS OF DECENCY TEST TO USE IN JUVENILE EXECUTION CASES ....................................... 702 A. The Role of Supreme Court Members in the Evolving Standards Analysis ....................................... 708 B. The Role of International Opinion in American Jurisp rudence ......................................................................... 710 IV. WHY THE DEATH PENALTY SHOULD NOT APPLY TO JU V EN ILES ..................................................................................... 712 A . R etribution ............................................................................. 713 B . D eterrence .............................................................................. 717 V. INTERNATIONAL OPINION AND POLICY ON EXECUTING JU V EN ILES ..................................................................................... 719 V I. A N A LY SIS ...................................................................................... 724 A. The Rest of the World Can't be Wrong ............................... 724 B. The Proportionality Test and Penal Goals Analysis is the Proper Method of Determining the Evolving Standards of D ecency. ........................................................ 725 C. The Likely Outcome of Roper v. Simmons ........................ 726 V II. C ONCLUSION ................................................................................ 728 I. INTRODUCTION The age of sixteen is a great time in a teenager's life. Most sixteen-year-olds spend a great deal of time thinking about their social

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