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17 Mem. St. U. L. Rev. 465 (1986-1987)
An Overview of Professional Negligence

handle is hein.journals/umem17 and id is 489 raw text is: An Overview of Professional
Negligence*
JOHN W. WADE**
I. INTRODUCTION
This article is intended to serve as a general introduction to
the other articles in this symposium on attorney malpractice. It
seeks to place them in perspective by tracing the historical de-
velopment of the tort cause of action against a professional person
for negligence in his professional capacity,' and by seeking to
identify pervasive principles applicable not only to attorneys but
also to professionals in general .2 With this background, it may
be possible to derive a clearer picture of the law today and where
it may be or should be going in the future.
Traditionally, there have been four learned professions -
law, medicine, ministry, and teaching. Law and medicine were
very important in the case development of the common law. But
there were no cases involving the clergy or teachers, and even
today no significant body of law has developed.
* This article is an expansion of a speech given by John W. Wade at the legal
malpractice symposium on November 12, 1986.
** Dean and Distinguished Professor of Law, Emeritus, Vanderbilt University School
of Law; Occupant, Herff Chair of Excellence, Cecil C. Humphreys School of Law, Memphis
State University, Fal 1986.
1. The scope of the article is limited in that it does not cover intentional torts but
is confined to actions based on negligence. Due to this limited treatment, the expression
professional malpractice is not used. The negligent conduct is covered only when it pertains
to the professional obligations of the defendant.
2. On professional negligence, see generally J. EDDY, PROFESSIONAL NEOLIGENCE (1955)
(English lecture series); D. P.RTLErT, PROFESSIONAL NEGLIGENCE (1985) (accented towards
Australia, but takes into account the law in Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom,
and the United States); RESTATEMENT (SEcoND) OF TORTS § 299A (1965); A Symposium on
Professional Negligence, 12 VAND. L. REv. 535 (1959) (reprinted in book form with some
additional chapters as T. RoADY & W. ANDERSEN, Professional Negligence (1960)); Pro-
fessional Liability, 37 MERCER L. REv. 559 (1986); Keeton, Professional Malpractice, 17
WAsEuRN L.J. 445 (1978); Comment, Professional Negligence, 121 U. PA. L. Ray. 627
(1973) (does not include medicine).
There are many articles and treatises on the negligence liability of lawyers and doctors.
The leading treatises are R. MALLEN & V. LEvrr, LEGAL MALPRACTxC (2d ed. 1981) and
D. LOUISELL & H. WILLAMS, MEDICAL MALPRACTICE (1981).

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