The Appointments Clause and the Removal Power: Theory and Seance
![handle is hein.journals/tenn60 and id is 859 raw text is: THE APPOINTMENTS CLAUSE AND THE
REMOVAL POWER: THEORY AND SEANCE
STEVEN BREKER-COOPER*
Table of Contents
I. INTRODUCTION .................................. 842
II. THEORETICAL ISSUES CONCERNING THE
APPOINTMENTS CLAUSE AND REMOVAL POWER ............. 844
A. An Introduction to Appointments .................. 845
B. Inferior and Superior Officers .................... 846
C. The Type of Power Exercised ..................... 847
D. Interbranch Appointments ........................ 849
E. Whence Removal? . ............................ 851
F. A Matrix of Possibilities ........................ 852
III. THE CASE LAW OF REMOVAL .......................... 853
A. Removal as an Incident of the Power to Appoint ....... 854
1. Judicial Officers .. ........................... 854
2. Executive Officers . ......................... 858
3. Legislative Officers .......................... 859
B. Removal as an Incident of Presidential Power ......... 860
1. Introduction .. .............................. 860
2. Removal as an Incident of the [E]xecutive Power . . 861
a. Chief Justice Taft . ....................... 862
i. The Basic Analysis ................... 862
ii. Chief Justice Taft's Criticism of
Marbury v. Madison .................. 865
iii. Was Myers an Inferior Officer? ............ 867
iv. Conclusion .. ......................... 868
b. Justice Scalia .......................... 869
3. Removal as an Incident of the Duty to
[F]aithfully [E]xecute[] the Laws .............. 873
a. Introduction . ........................... 873
* Associate Professor of Law, Texas Wesleyan University School of Law. J.D.
1985, Rutgers University (Newark) School of Law; LL.M. 1990, Harvard Law School. I am
indebted to my colleague Dennis Olson. Our discussions first stimulated my interest in the
fascinating complexities of the Appointments Clause and removal power. If not for the press
of his duties as Associate Dean, he would have been a coauthor of this Article as we had
intended.](ViewImageLocal?handle=hein.journals/tenn60&div=34&collection=&method=preview&ext=.png&size=3)
What Is HeinOnline?
Contact us for annual subscription options:
Already a HeinOnline Subscriber?
profiles profiles most
The Appointments Clause and the Removal Power: Theory and Seance
Contact us for annual subscription options:
Already a HeinOnline Subscriber?
profiles profiles most