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114 Colum. L. Rev. 1083 (2014)
The Administrative Origins of Modern Civil Liberties Law

handle is hein.journals/clr114 and id is 1137 raw text is: COLUMBIA LAW REVIEW
VOL. 114                        JUNE 2014                            NO. 5
ARTICLE
THE ADMINISTRATIVE ORIGINS OF MODERN CIVIL
LIBERTIES LAW
Jeremy K. Kessler*
This Article offers a new explanation for the puzzling origin of
modern civil liberties law. Legal scholars have long sought to explain
how Progressive lawyers and intellectuals skeptical of individual rights
and committed to a strong, activist state came to advocate for robust
First Amendment protections after World War I. Most attempts to solve
this puzzle focus on the executive branch's suppression of dissent during
World War I and the Red Scare. Once Progressives realized that a
powerful administrative state risked stifling debate and deliberation
within civil society, the story goes, they turned to civil liberties law in
order to limit the reach of that state. Drawing on a wealth of unexplored
archival material, this Article inverts the conventional story: It argues
that lawyers within the executive branch took the lead in forging a new
civil-libertarian consensus and that they did so to strengthen rather
* David Berg Foundation Scholar, NYU School of Law; Ph.D. Candidate, Yale
University; J.D., Yale Law School. For their sharp insights, patient reads, and
encouragement along the way, I am indebted to Bruce Ackerman, Jean-Christophe Agnew,
Akhil Amar, Vince Blasi, Erin Braatz, Kiel Brennan-Marquez, Jessica Bulman-Pozen, Bo
Burt, Christopher Capozzola, Tino Cuellar, Deborah Dinner, Norman Dorsen, Justin
Driver, Ariela Dubler, Mary Dudziak, Stefan Eich, Liz Emens, Blake Emerson, Dan Ernst,
Robert Ferguson, Ted Fertik, Willy Forbath, Katherine Franke, Beverly Gage, Josh Geltzer,
Bob Gordon, Kent Greenawalt, Jamal Greene, David Grewal, Philip Hamburger, Daniel
Ho, Daniel Hulsebosch, Ira Katznelson, Amalia Kessler Sophia Lee, Jim Liebman,
Kenneth Mack, Jerry Mashaw, Gillian Metzger, Sam Moyn, Bill Nelson, Burt Neuborne,
Nick Parrillo, Christina Duffy Ponsa, Robert Post, Dave Pozen, Jed Purdy, David Rabban,
Dan Richman, Reuel Schiller, Tom Schmidt, Reva Siegel, Bill Simon, Ganesh Sitaraman,
Brad Snyder, Elli Stern, Peter Strauss, Karen Tani, Kendall Thomas, Louisa Thomas, Adam
Tooze, Patrick Weil, Laura Weinrib, Jay Winter, and John Witt. Audiences at Columbia
Law School, Harvard Law School, N.Y.U. School of Law, Stanford Law School, Yale Law
School, the Center for Historical Enquiry and the Social Sciences at Yale University, and
the American Society for Legal History caught many errors and sparked new lines of
inquiry. Several institutions provided financial support: International Security Studies at
Yale University, the Lyndon B. Johnson Foundation, the Smith Richardson Foundation,
the Tikvah Center at NYU School of Law, the Tobin Project, and Yale University's
Graduate School of Arts and Sciences.

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