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9 Rev. Eur. Stud. 279 (2017)
Develop a Model for the Elders' Leisure Time

handle is hein.journals/rveurost9 and id is 283 raw text is: Review of European Studies; Vol. 9, No. 1; 2017 ISSN 1918-7173 E-ISSN 1918-7181 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education Develop a Model for the Elders' Leisure Time Mohammad Hosein Ghorbani1 & Seyede Tahereh Mousavirad1 1 University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Correspondence: Mohammad Hosein Ghorbani, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. E-mail: HGhorbani91@yahoo.com Received: September 19, 2016 Accepted: October 2, 2016 Online Published: February 22, 2017 doi: 10.5539/res.v9nlp279 URL: http://doi.org/10.5539/res.v9nlp279 Abstract The present research intends to examine the model for elders' leisure time. This research is a descriptive-analytical study, reported as applied study. The statistical population consists of the faculty members of universities, managers and specialists at Championship Deputy, General Sports Federation and rural sports federation and the sociologists. To analyze data, both descriptive and inferential statistics were used. In the present research, software SPSS22 was used for structural equation and software AMOS was used for design of model. Results from research led to detect eight factors including managerial-political, economic, sociocultural, health, educational, facility, sports, individual-environmental factors affecting elders' leisure time. Findings from confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the elders' leisure time can be used. To sum up, the results from research led to design of model for elders' leisure time so that managerial-political, economic, sociocultural, health, educational, facility, sports, individual-environmental factors with factor loading 0.9, 0.87, 0.85, 0.84, 0.82, 0.76, 0.71 and 0.63 have the highest contribution, respectively. Further, findings from model fitting indices indicate favorable fitting and confirmed model for elders' leisure. Keywords: leisure time, elders, model 1. Introduction Aging population refers to one of the phenomena of our time with the least deal with it, accurate progress, the best status in future as forecasted and the most outcomes. This goes true in Iran, like many countries, and Iran's movement to an aging population can be seen clearly. Hence, we will face a high percent of elderly population in near future, thus planning to resolve predicted and unpredicted problems and meeting needs of this population group should be considered at the study works and major plannings of the country (Imani, 2011). Of the issues that demographers and social pathologists have attempted in the past years to confirm warnings about it refers to the phenomenon of middle-aged population that can be considered a risk for a country, because with regard to the statistics in 2016, Iran population will enter to the middle-aged stage, while as said by the experts, Iran has not suitable structures in terms of arrival to the aging period, for which planning should be considered based on population forecasts about the elders' needs including nursing homes, Food industry in accordance with the elders' gastrointestinal tract, elders' leisure time and so on (Vakili, 2011). On the other hand, leisure time is the most important and pleasant time for human beings and a part of hours in human's daily life that the person engages in rest, leisure, development of awareness or social participation and engages in them voluntarily after liberation from the job, family and social requirements. Leisure can be considered as the most important opportunities and hours in human life (Sanaei, 2013). One of the most important causes of deviance, delinquency and social distortions is the personal and social disorganization in the field of leisure. From Islamic perspective, leisure time is neither the time of liberation from legal and ethical constraints nor time of irresponsibility (Sharifi, 2012). Studies indicate that individuals in Iran society have free time for 3-4 hours in average in 24 hours a day. In other words, one sixth or one third of the individuals' lifetime should be planned with the suitable and useful programs separated from the daily life programs to spend leisure time of different social classes. Leisure in general is a new concept, born out of the industrial age to which various responses have been given at various communities well suited to cultural conditions, extent of development and social welfare, so that specific facilities are prepared and various mechanisms well suited to the community are designed. Nowadays, countries invest in spending leisure time as investing in employment. With regard to the necessity and importance of organizing leisure activities for elders, most of developed countries have made macro and systematic planning on how this group of people over 55 years old spend their leisure time (Jahromi, 2012). However leisure and recreational sports

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