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52 Conn. L. Rev. 1029 (2020-2021)
Hate Speech on Social Media: Content Moderation in Context

handle is hein.journals/conlr52 and id is 1056 raw text is: CONNECTICUT
LAW REVIEW

VOLUME 52                   FEBRUARY 2021                    NUMBER 3
Article
Hate Speech on Social Media:
Content Moderation in Context
RICHARD ASHBY WILSON & MOLLY K. LAND
For all practical purposes, the policy of social media companies to suppress
hate speech on their platforms means that the longstanding debate in the United
States about whether to limit hate speech in the public square has been resolved in
favor of vigorous regulation. Nonetheless, revisiting these debates provides
insights essential for developing more empirically-based and narrowly tailored
policies regarding online hate.
First, a central issue in the hate speech debate is the extent to which hate
speech contributes to violence. Those in favor of more robust regulation claim a
connection to violence, while others dismiss these arguments as tenuous. The data
generated by social media, however, now allow researchers to empirically test
whether there are measurable harms resulting from hate speech. These data can
assist in formulating evidence-based policies to address the most significant harms
of hate speech, while avoiding overbroad regulation.
Second, reexamining the U.S. debate about hate speech also reveals the
serious missteps of social media policies that prohibit hate speech without regard
to context. The policies that social media companies have developed define hate
speech solely with respect to the content of the message. As the early advocates of
limits on hate speech made clear, the meaning, force, and consequences of speech
acts are deeply contextual, and it is impossible to understand the harms of hate
speech without reference to political realities and power asymmetries. Regulation
that is abstracted from context will inevitably be overbroad.
This Article revisits these debates and considers how they map onto the
platform law of content moderation, where emerging evidence indicates a
correlation between hate speech online, virulent nationalism, and violence against
minorities and activists. It concludes by advocating specific recommendations to
bring greater consideration of context into the speech-regulation policies and
procedures of social media companies.

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