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16 Technium Soc. Sci. J. 302 (2021)
Mental Health Concomitants Related to Controlling Behaviors Perpetrated by Husbands and Mothers-in-Law in Pakistan

handle is hein.journals/techssj16 and id is 302 raw text is: Technium Social Sciences Journal Vol. 16, 302-313, February, 2021 ISSN: 2668-7798 SOCIAL SCIENCES JOURNAL www.techniumscience.com Mental Health Concomitants Related to Controlling Behaviours Perpetrated by Husbands and Mothers-in-Law in Pakistan Karin Ostermani, Taalia Khan2, Kaj Bjbrkqvist3 12 3Abo Akademi University karin.osterman@abo.fi, taalia.khan@abo.fi, kaj.bjorkqvist@abo.fi Abstract. The aim of the study was to investigate mental health concomitants related to controlling behaviours perpetrated by husbands and mothers-in-law against wives in Pakistan. A questionnaire was completed by married 569 women. The mean age was 31.4 years. The women were significantly more often victimised from controlling behaviours perpetrated by the husband than by the mother-in-law. The age of the wife did not correlate with the frequency of controlling behaviours exerted by the husband but was negatively correlated with controlling behaviours perpetrated by the mother-in-law. Women who were frequently victimised by both the husband and the mother-in-law reported the significantly highest scores on anxiety, depression, obsessive compulsive symptoms, and somatisation. Those who were infrequently victimised by both the husband and the mother-in-law reported the significantly lowest scores on the same variables. Victimisation from controlling behaviours were associated with psychological concomitants. Victimisation from both the husband and the mother-in-law simultaneously shoved the highest association with psychological problems. Keywords. Controlling behaviours, husbands, mothers-in-law, psychological concomitants, Pakistan 1. Introduction Health consequences of intimate partner aggression have been well documented around the world (LtIvestad, & Krantz, 2012), while consequences of controlling behaviours in domestic settings have not been studied to the same extent. A limited number of studies have so far been conducted on mental health concomitants related to controlling behaviours, and they have mainly been carried out in Western countries, such as in the USA, Canada, and the UK (Krantz & Vung, 2009). Mental health concomitants of domestic aggression in extended families, where women are the victims of controlling behaviours perpetrated by both her husband and her mother-in-law, have been studied even less. The aim of the present study was to reduce this research gap and investigate mental health concomitants related to controlling behaviours in domestic settings, perpetrated by both the husband and the mother-in-law, against the wife. The cultural setting of the study was the extended family system in Pakistan, and the sample was drawn from families in which the wives were relatively well-educated. 302

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