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34 Cumb. L. Rev. 437 (2003-2004)
Relevance of Genetically Modified Crops to Developing Countries

handle is hein.journals/cumlr34 and id is 445 raw text is: RELEVANCE OF GENETICALLY MODIFIED CROPS TO
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
C.S. PRAKASH AND GREGORY CONKO'
Today, most people around the world have access to a greater va-
riety of nutritious and affordable foods than ever before, thanks
mainly to developments in agricultural science and technology. The
average human life span-arguably the most important indicator of
quality of life-has increased steadily in the past century in almost
every country. Even in many less developed countries, life spans have
doubled over the past few decades. Despite massive population
growth, from 3 billion to more than 6 billion people since 1950, the
global malnutrition rate decreased in that period from 38 percent to 18
percent. India and China, two of the world's most populous and rap-
idly industrializing countries, have quadrupled their grain production.
The record of agricultural progress during the past century
speaks for itself. Countries that embraced superior agricultural tech-
nologies have brought unprecedented prosperity to their people, made
food vastly more affordable and abundant, helped stabilize farm
yields, and reduced the destruction of wild lands. The productivity
gains from G.M. crops, as well as improved use of synthetic fertilizers
and pesticides, allowed the world's farmers to double global food
output during the last 50 years, on roughly the same amount of land,
at a time when global population rose more than 80 percent. Without
these improvements in plant and animal genetics and other scientific
developments, known as the Green Revolution, we would today be
farming on every square inch of arable land to produce the same
amount of food, destroying hundreds of millions of acres of pristine
wilderness in the process.
Many less developed countries in Latin America and Asia bene-
fited tremendously from the Green Revolution. Nevertheless, due to a
variety of natural and human reasons, agricultural technologies were
not spread equally across the globe. Many people in sub-Saharan Af-
1 C. S. Prakash is professor of plant biotechnology at Tuskegee University, Alabama and
president of the AgBioWorld Foundation. Gregory Conko is director of Food Safety Pol-
icy at the Competitive Enterprise Institute in Washington, D.C. and vice president of the
AgBioWorld Foundation. This article is adapted from an earlier article titled Technol-
ogy That Will Save Billions From Starvation by the authors published in the The
American Enterprise (Special Issue on 'Biotech Bounty'), March 2004; http://www.tae
mag.com

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