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43 Vand. L. Rev. 529 (1990)
Life-Without-Parole: An Alternative to Death Or Not Much of a Life at All

handle is hein.journals/vanlr43 and id is 543 raw text is: Life-Without-Parole: An Alternative to Death or Not Much of a Life at All? I. INTRODUCTION ...................................... 530 II. THE DEVELOPMENT OF PRECEDENT FOR LIFE-WITHOUT-PA- ROLE .............................................. 534 A. Constitutionality in Federal Courts ............. 534 1. Schick v. Reed ........................... 534 2. Subsequent Cases ........................ 535 B. Application in State Courts .................... 538 III. DIFFERING VERSIONS OF LIFE-WITHOUT-PAROLE AND THEIR USE BY THE STATES ................................. 540 A. Triple Tiered Approach ........................ 541 B. Triple Tiered Approach with a Set Minimum of Y ears ......................................... 542 C. Double Tiered Approach ....................... 543 D. Double Tiered Approach with Varying Terms of Y ears ......................................... 545 E. Double Tiered Approach Without a Death Penalty 546 F. Single Tiered Approach ........................ 547 IV. SPECIFIC APPLICATION AND EXPERIENCE IN Two STATES.. 547 A. Alabama's Double Tiered Approach ............. 548 B. Kentucky's Triple or Quadruple Tiered Approach 551 V. BENEFITS, PROBLEMS, AND FUTURE IMPLICATIONS OF LIFE- W ITHOUT-PAROLE ................................... 554 A. Potential Benefits of Life-Without-Parole ........ 556 1. A Surer Penalty in Many Cases ............ 556 2. The Preservation of Human Life? ......... 557 3. An Additional Prosecutorial Tool in Murder T rials ................................... 559 B. Problems with the Current Applications of Life- W ithout-Parole ................................ 559 1. Relatively Little Use of the Sanction in Capi- tal Cases ................................. 559 2. A Lack of Information in General .......... 560 C. Future Implications ............................ 561

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