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14 Tul. J. Int'l & Comp. L. 503 (2005-2006)
Human Trafficking Enforcement in the United States

handle is hein.journals/tulicl14 and id is 509 raw text is: Human Trafficking Enforcement in the United States Cynthia Shepherd Torg' I. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................. 503 II. BACKGROUND ................................................................................... 504 III. TOOLS TO BREAK THE TRADE .......................................................... 506 IV FIGHTING THE FIGHT ........................................................................ 513 V C ON CLUSION .................................................................................... 5 19 I. INTRODUCTION On December 3, 2005, the United States formally joined ninety- four other countries as an official party to the Protocol To Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children (U.N. Protocol).' The U.N. Protocol signed in Palermo is a multilateral component of the worldwide effort to combat modern-day slavery. It seeks to prevent trafficking, protect victims, and promote antitrafficking cooperation among governments.2 Consistent with the U.N. Protocol, the United States and other governments have developed antitrafficking programs which include the so-called Three P's: prosecution of traffickers through enhanced penalties and investigative priorities, protection of victims, and prevention of future trafficking.' To combat human trafficking, the United States has incorporated the Three P's into a broader, multidisciplinary and victim-centric approach. While efforts to protect victims and prevent further victimization are clearly important goals for the United States and the international community, effective prosecution is the linchpin to eradicating human trafficking. Prosecution, combined with the imposition of significant penalties, not only provides protection by eliminating the perpetrator's immediate ability to exploit the victim, but also serves to deter future * Chief Counsel, Human Smuggling and Trafficking Center, United States Department of Justice, Organized Crime and Racketeering Section. 1. Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, Supplementing the United Nations Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime, G.A. Res. 55/25, Annex II, U.N. Doc. A/55/383 (Nov. 15, 2000). 2. Id art. 2. 3. See id.

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