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48 Denv. L.J. 211 (1971-1972)
Diversion from the Criminal Process: Informal Discretion, Motivation, and Formalization

handle is hein.journals/denlr48 and id is 223 raw text is: DIVERSION FROM THE CRIMINAL PROCESS: INFORMAL DISCRETION, MOTIVATION, AND FORMALIZATION By SAMUEL J. BRAKEL* CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ........................................ --------....................... . . 211 I. T HE D IVERSION C ON CEPT ---------------------------------------------------------------- 213 II. T HE SPECIFIC Focus 21................................ ............................ .... 214 III. SPECIFIC PRACTICES AND THEIR RATIONALES .................................. 216 A. W hite Collar Crimes ...................................................... . 217 B . S h o p lif tin g .................... ..........................................................- 2 20 C . F am ily D isp u tes ....................................................................... 222 D . F ir s t O ffe n s e ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 2 4 IV. FORMALIZING DIVERSIONARY PRACTICES ......................................-227 A. Statutory Grace Periods and White Collar Crimes ........ 229 B. Restitution, Fines, and Shoplifting ............................... 231 C. Peace Bonds and Family Disputes .................................. 233 D. Deferred Sentences, Court Employment Programs, a n d F irst O ffen ses ...... .. ....... ................................................. 234 C ONCLUSION ................. .. ................................ ............................. 236 INTRODUCTION T HE concept and practice of diversion is neither novel nor esoteric. Indeed, the exercise of some forms of discretion by criminal justice officials- ranging from the initial decision not to arrest, to the determination to refrain from prosecution, and up through the acquittal of the guilty-has always been an integral part of the criminal process. However, recognition and articulation of this phenomenon as part of a conceptually distinct and analytically helpful process called diversion is much more recent. Only in the past few years has the term diversion become common usage not only in academic circles, but even among officials in the criminal justice system who, having *Research Attorney, American Bar Foundation; A.B. 1965, Davidson College; J.D. 1968, University of Chicago Law School. 211

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