Dancing Like a Toddler: The Green Climate Fund and REDD+ International Rule-Making 28 Review of European, Comparative & International Environmental Law 2019

28 Rev. Eur. Comp. & Int'l Envtl. L. 122 (2019)
Dancing Like a Toddler: The Green Climate Fund and REDD+ International Rule-Making

handle is hein.journals/reel28 and id is 122 raw text is:

DOI: 10.1111/reel.12286

ORIGINAL ARTICLE WILEY

Dancing like a toddler? The Green Climate Fund and REDD+

international rule-making

Maria Eugenia Recio

Correspondence
Email: eugenia.recio@uef.fi REDD is a mechanism developed under the United Nations Framework Convention

1 | INTRODUCTION

Forests in the developing world continue to disappear fast.' Carbon

dioxide (C02) emissions from deforestation and forest degradation2

represent around a quarter of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emis-

sions, along with agriculture.3 Since 2007, parties to the United

Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)4

have worked to incentivize forested developing countries to dimin-

ish deforestation and forest degradation. The UNFCCC developed a

scheme for reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degra-

dation in developing countries and the role of conservation,

'Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), The Global Forest
Resources Assessment 2010 (FAO 2010) 10.
2R Gullison et al, 'Tropical Forests and Climate Policy' (2007) 316(5827) Science 985,
985-986.
'P Smith et al, 'Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU)' in 0 Edenhofer et al
(eds), Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), Working Group Ill Contribution to
the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report - Climate Change 2014: Mitigation of Climate Change
(Cambridge University Press 2014) 811, 816.
4United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (adopted 29 May 1992,
entered into force 21 March 1994) 1771 UNTS 107 (UNFCCC).

sustainable management of forests and the enhancement of forest

carbon stocks in developing countries, commonly known as REDD+.5

The UNFCCC has defined the rules for REDD+ in decisions ad-

opted by its Conference of the Parties (COP), including in a set of

decisions known as the Warsaw Framework for REDD+.6 The Paris

SUNFCCC'Decision 4/CP.15, Methodological Guidance for Activities Relating to Reducing
Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation and the Role of Conservation,
Sustainable Management of Forests and Enhancement of Forest Carbon Stocks in
Developing Countries' UN Doc FCCC/CP/2009/11/Add.1 (30 March 2010).
6Decisions comprising the Warsaw Framework are: UNFCCC 'Decision 9/CP.19, Work
Programme on Results-based Finance to Progress the Full Implementation of the Activities
Referred to in Decision 1/CP 16, paragraph 70' UN Doc FCCC/CP/2013/10/Add.1 (31
January 2014); 'Decision 10/CP.19, Coordination of Support for the Implementation of
Activities in Relation to Mitigation Actions in the Forest Sector by Developing Countries, in-
cluding Institutional Arrangements' UN Doc FCCC/CP/2013/10/Add.1 (31 January 2014);
'Decision 11/CP.19, Modalities for National Forest Monitoring Systems' UN Doc FCCC/
CP/2013/10/Add.1 (31 January 2014); 'Decision 12/CP.19, Timing and Frequency of
Presentations of the Summary of Information on How All the Safeguards Referred to in
Decision 1/CP 16, Appendix I, Are Being Addressed and Respected' UN Doc FCCC/
CP/2013/10/Add.1 (31 January 2014);'Decision 13/CP.19, Guidelines and Procedures for the
Technical Assessment of Submissions from Parties on Proposed Forest Reference Emission
Levels and/or Forest Reference Levels' UN Doc FCCC/CP/2013/10/Add.1 (31 January 2014);
'Decision 14/CP.19, Modalities for Measuring, Reporting and Verifying' UN Doc FCCC/
CP/2013/10/Add.1 (31 January 2014); 'Decision 15/CP.19, Addressing the Drivers of
Deforestation and Forest Degradation' UN Doc FCCC/CP/2013/10/Add.1 (31 January2014).

@ 2019 John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford OX4 2DQ, UK and 350 Main Street, Malden, MA 02148, USA.

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RECIEL. 2019;28:122-135.

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