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14 Drexel L. Rev. 543 (2022)
On Espinoza, Schools, and the Religion Clauses

handle is hein.journals/drexel14 and id is 567 raw text is: ON ESPINOZA, SCHOOLS, AND THE RELIGION
CLAUSES
Mark Strasser*
ABSTRACT
The United States Supreme Court has long had difficulty
explicating what the Religion Clauses require, permit, and prohibit.
While members of the Court appreciate that the Clauses cannot be
interpreted in such a way that one clause requires something that the
other clause prohibits, the Justices have offered very different accounts
of how to avoid that conflict. The difficulties in reconciling the clauses
have been especially evident in the Court's attempts to determine the
kind of state aid that may be offered to parochial schools without
violating constitutional guarantees.
Establishment jurisprudence and Free Exercise jurisprudence are
both evolving. The Court is now willing to uphold practices under the
Establishment Clause that would previously have been found to
violate those guarantees and the Court is now finding that practices
violate Free Exercise guarantees that previously would have been
found permissible or might even have been found not to have
implicated those guarantees. One of the Court's recent forays into
these areas - Espinoza v. Montana Department of Revenue -
indicates just how wrongheaded the Court's Religion Clauses
jurisprudence has become.

543

* Trustees Professor of Law, Capital University Law School, Columbus, Ohio.

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