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47 Case W. Res. L. Rev. 275 (1996-1997)
Bridges and Barricades: Rethinking Polemics and Intransigence in the Campaign against Female Circumcision

handle is hein.journals/cwrlrv47 and id is 293 raw text is: BRIDGES AND BARRICADES: RETHINKING POLEMICS AND INTRANSIGENCE IN THE CAMPAIGN AGAINST FEMALE CIRCUMCISION L. Amede Obiorat I. INTRODUCTION Walls turned sideways are bridges. Angela Davis A. On Cultural Self-Determination: Whose Culture? Which Self?. The United Nations World Conference on Women, held in Beijing in 1995, was hailed as a milestone in the quest for gender equality. The proceedings at the forum focused on an agenda that included issues pertaining to the sexual and reproductive rights of women, with emphasis on freedom from coercion, discrimination, and violence.' Denouncing culture as a principal source of gender- based violence and exploitation, the majority of participants insisted that states have a duty, regardless of their particular cultural sys- t The author is an Igbo woman conducting research and teaching in the United States. Versions of this article were presented to the faculty at Northwestern University Law School, Washington and Lee Law School, SUNY Law School and at the Midwestern People of Color Law Teachers Collective Meeting at Case Western Reserve School of Law. The author appreciates the constructive comments of the participants at those forums. The author would also like to thank the American Association of University Women, Jesus, three anonymous Law & Society reviewers, and Professors Lawrence Freidman, Peggy Radin, Kathy Abrams, Detlev Vagts, Stewart Maculay, Deborah Rhode, Isabelle Gunning, Lucinda Finley, Sabrina McCarthy, Linda Ammons, Sarah Jenkins, Sophie Pirie, Bill Maurer, Richard Perry, and Obi Nnaemeka. 1. See Report of the Fourth World Conference on Women, U.N. Doc. A/CONF. 177/20 (1995) [hereinafter Fourth World Conference].

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