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61 Howard L.J. 341 (2017-2018)
Blocking the Means to Exploit: Ending Kafala under the Principle of Sadd al-Dhara'i

handle is hein.journals/howlj61 and id is 359 raw text is: Blocking the Means to Exploit: Ending Kafala Under the Principle of Sadd al-Dhara'i FARAZ SIDDIQUI* & ALEEA STANTON** I. A BRIEF POLITICAL AND SOCIOECONOMIC HISTORY OF THE GULF STATES...... ......... 344 A. The Rise of the Gulf States................... 344 B. Recent Trends in the Gulf .................... 346 C. The History of Kafala in the Gulf States .......... 347 D. Case Study: The Kafala System of Saudi Arabia.... 349 II. ISLAMIC PRECEPTS ON LABOR AND LABOR LAW...................................... 350 A. Work and Labor ... .............. ....... 352 B. Worker-Employer Relationship ..................... 353 C. Worker Rights and Responsibilities................. 354 D. Workers Compensation ............................. 355 E. State's Obligations.................................. 355 F. Contractual Obligations............................. 356 G. Human and Civil Rights ..................... 357 H. Labor Practices Under the Caliphate ............ 358 III. SADD AL-DHARA'I .......................... 359 IV. RECOMMENDATIONS - AND CHALLENGES - FOR REFORMS ............................. 364 * Faraz Siddiqui, J.D., M.P.H., is a graduate of Howard University School of Law, Class of 2017. He currently works as a healthcare lawyer in Washington, D.C. Faraz has a Master's in Public Health from Johns Hopkins University and has worked to provide health and legal ser- vices to refugees, disaster survivors, the homeless, and minorities. Faraz was born and raised in Kuwait. ** Aleea Stanton, J.D., B.S.C.J., is from Buffalo, New York. She graduated from Howard University School of Law in 2017 and also has a Bachelor's in Criminal Justice from Hilbert College. She currently works as a general litigation lawyer, with a focus in anti-trust pre-merger preparation. Aleea maintains an active pro bono roster covering asylum and freedom of speech issues. 2018 Vol. 61 No. 2 341

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