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76 Rutgers U.L. Rev. 357 (2023-2024)
Free Agents vs. Determined: Neuroscience and the Law of Personal Responsibility

handle is hein.journals/rutlr76 and id is 383 raw text is: FREE AGENTS VS. DETERMINED: NEUROSCIENCE AND THE LAW OF PERSONAL RESPONSIBILITY Susan D. Carle* & Tara L. White** TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................... 358 I. M E TA PH Y SIC S ................................................................................ 36 1 II. N EU R O SCIE N CE ..............................................................................36 3 A. Sapolsky's Argument in Determined ................................... 363 B. Mitchell's Free Agents .......................................................... 371 C. Spatial and Temporal Resolution of Human Agency: The Agentic Envelope ............................................................ 373 III. L A W ................................................................................................ 3 8 3 A. The Basics of Corrective Justice ........................................... 383 B. Rights and Responsibilities as a Package Deal................... 385 C. Reading Neuroscience and Law Together............................ 387 D. Utility, Aperture, and Applications of the Agentic Envelope in Law .................................................................... 388 CONCLUSION............................................................................................. 390 * Professor of Law, American University Washington College of Law (WCL); co-host of the Lobes & Robes Podcast sponsored by the American University Center for Neuroscience and Behavior. The author wishes to thank Dr. Terry Davidson, Professors Andrew Ferguson and Ira Robins, Dr. Diane Carle, and Dr. Sacha Greer for sharing their expertise and feedback on earlier drafts. Sydney Robson and Olivia Lubarksy (both WCL 2025) provided excellent research assistance. Both authors thank Dr. Francis Shen and the participants in the Harvard Law & Neuroscience Workshop for the opportunity to present this Article as a work in progress and for excellent feedback during our presentation, and Drs. Kevin Mitchell and Robert Sapolsky for feedback on an earlier draft. ** Assistant Professor of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University. Dr. White's lab investigates the neuroscience of human agency as well as drug effects on the brain. She has also pioneered the emerging field of Dignity Neuroscience, which explores the intersections between neuroscience and international human rights law. See note 40 infra. 357

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