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43 J. Space L. 196 (2019)
Exploring the Legal Challenges of Future on-Orbit Servicing Missions and Proximity Operations

handle is hein.journals/jrlsl43 and id is 206 raw text is: EXPLORING THE LEGAL CHALLENGES OF FUTURE ON-ORBIT SERVICING MISSIONS AND PROXIMITY OPERATIONS Anne-Sophie Martin* and Steven Freeland** ABSTRACT On-orbit servicing (OOS) and rendezvous and proximity oper- ations (RPO) currently represent key elements regarding future on- orbit activities. If successfully implemented, these types of missions will greatly increase the viability of and benefits from space activi- ties. Several countries and companies are seeking to develop active debris removal (ADR), OOS, and RPO capabilities. However, these proposed activities raise several legal, safety, security and policy challenges. Indeed, the planned future servicing missions through a so-called space tug -including orbit correction, refueling, space Dr. Anne-Sophie Martin is a Doctor of Law specializing in International Law and Space Law. Her doctoral research focused on the legal aspects of dual-use satellites. She received her LL.M in Space Law and Telecommunications Law from the University of Paris-Sud XI (France) and her PhD from Sapienza University of Rome (Italy). On August 2017, she attended the Centre for Studies and Research of The Hague Academy of Inter- national Law. She is a visiting researcher within the Centre for a Spacefaring Civiliza- tion. Member, International Institute of Space Law; Member, Space Generation Advisory Council; Member, International Institute of Space Commerce; Member, European Cen- tre of Space Law; Young Professional Member, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics; Member, For All Moonkind Legal Council; Member, French Society of Air and Space Law. Email contact annesophie.martin@uniromal.it. Professor of International Law, Western Sydney University; Visiting Professor, University of Vienna: Permanent Visiting Professor, iCourts Centre of Excellence for International Courts, University of Copenhagen; Visiting Professor, Universit6 Tou- lousel Capitole; Associate member, Centre for Research in Air and Space Law, McGill University; Member of Faculty, London Institute of Space Policy and Law; Adjunct Pro- fessor, University of Hong Kong; Adjunct Professor, University of Adelaide; Member, Australian Space Agency Advisory Group; Director, International Institute of Space Law; Member of the Space Law Committee, International Law Association; Member of the Space Law Committee, International Bar Association; Member, European Centre of Space Law. Email contact s.freeland@westernsydney.edu.au. 196

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