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143 Int'l Lab. Rev. 211 (2004)
The Industry Employability Index: Taking Account of Supply and Demand Characteristics

handle is hein.journals/intlr143 and id is 219 raw text is: International Labour Review, Vol. 143 (2004), No. 3 The Industry Employability Index: Taking account of supply and demand characteristics Andries de GRIP,* Jasper van LOO* and Jos SANDERS** O ver the past decade, the concept of employability has been the focus of considerable media attention internationally. Its grow- ing importance is reflected not only in scientific publications, but also in government and business policies (see, for example, European Com- mission, 1996 and 2000; ILO, 2000). This interest is partly aroused by new ideas about career development: the model of lifetime employ- ment with a single employer, it is argued, is no longer relevant for a large share of the working population (Bridges, 1994) and has been replaced by a more dynamic model based on careers. Hyatt (1996) notes that modern careers are characterized by a high degree of flexi- bility and that employees are meant to become entrepreneurs of their own career. Arthur (1994) predicted a future in which careers would no longer be bound to a single organization, arguing that individual careers would become increasingly boundaryless. Hall (1996) empir- ically proved that the so-called protean career made its breakthrough in the United States in the late 1980s and early 1990s (see also Hall and Mirvis, 1996). He defines a protean career as a pattern of varied ex- periences in education, training, work in several organizations and changes of occupational field. An important characteristic of a protean career is that individual workers themselves, not organizations, manage it. Hirsch (1977), however, showed that the underlying notion of self- management assumes a rather optimistic view on the functioning of the labour market as only the more able and ambitious people take charge of their careers instead of following an organization's policy of career development. * Research Centre for Education and the Labour Market (ROA), Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Maastricht University. ** TNO Work and Employment, Hoofddorp. Email: A.deGrip@ROA.unimaas.nl Copyright © International Labour Organization 2004

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