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44 Technium Soc. Sci. J. 206 (2023)
Digital Divide, Digital Equity, and Online Learning Engagement among Selected College Students in Pamantasan ng Cabuyao

handle is hein.journals/techssj44 and id is 206 raw text is: Technium Social Sciences Journal Vol. 44, 206-219, June, 2023 ISSN: 2668-7798 SOCIAL SCIENCES JOURNAL www.techniumscience.com Digital Divide, Digital Equity, and Online Learning Engagement Among Selected College Students in Pamantasan ng Cabuyao Shienna Marie L. Caparas, Antonio R. Yango Graduate School, University of Perpetual Help System Laguna shiennacaparas@gmail.com, yango.antonio@uphsl.edu.ph Abstract. Hybrid-flexible learning, also known as HyFlex, is an instructional approach that combines flexible course structure and hybrid learning. This allows students the option to attend class sessions in person or online. The purpose of this study was to assess the Digital Divide, Digital Equity, and Online Learning Engagement Among Selected College Students in Pamantasan ng Cabuyao. This attempted to measure the respondents' level of the digital divide, digital equity, and online learning engagement, and test their significant relationship. The findings showed that the respondents' level of the digital divide is very high, the level of digital equity is high and the level of online learning engagement is also high. Hypothesis testing revealed that the level of the digital divide and digital equity are the drivers of online learning engagement. This study is regarded as a helpful resource in bridging the digital divide and promoting digital equity and online learning engagement. Keywords. Hybrid Flexible, Digital Divide, Digital Equity, Online Learning Engagement, Digital Inclusion, Local University, Higher Educational Institution Introduction Hybrid flexible learning provides more equitable access for the diverse students. This increased student engagement, improved student outcomes, and more equitable access for all students regardless of their location or abilities. However, there are also instructor considerations when it comes to teaching HyFlex classes. Higher education institutions can be of great help in this regard (Benefits and Challenges - HYFLEX CUNY, 2022). The digital divide is the gap between demographics and regions that have access to modern ICTs, such as smartphones, tablets, laptops, and the Internet and those that don't or have restricted access (Hanna, 2022). This also creates a disparity in opportunities for education, employment, healthcare, and civic engagement (Schweitzer, 2023). The National Digital Inclusion Alliance (NDIA) defines digital equity as a condition where everyone has equal access to technology regardless of their race or ethnicity, income level, disability status, age, or geographic location. Mayer (2020) stated that engagement techniques may be key to making online learning productive for institutions and ensuring that students succeed. Fully asynchronous learning is one format that offers different challenges and opportunities for technological ease, time 206

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