International Silence on Genocide: Nagorno-Karabakh, a Case Study
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International Silence on Genocide: Nagorno-Karabakh, A
Case Study
Hunter L. Eigenman
I. IN T R O D U C T IO N ...............................................................................................2 7 2
II. BACKGROUND ............................................................................................... 273
A. The History of Conflicting Claims for Control of Nagorno-Karabakh.....
.......................... 274
B. What is Genocide in International Law? .............................................279
1. The Need for Instruments Condemning Genocide Post-WWII.....280
2. Legal Classification of Genocide in International Law.................280
III. ANALYSIS.....................................................................................................281
A. The Importance of Tribunals: Elaborations on Genocide and its
E lem en ts by Tribunals .......................................................................... 28 1
1. Specific Intent (dolus specialis) of Genocide ............................... 282
2. Destruction of Cultural Heritage.................................................... 283
3. Forced Displacement ....................................................................... 287
B. The Benefits of Bandwagoning ............................................................. 293
IV. SOUTH AFRICA V. ISRAEL ............................................................................ 301
V . C O N C LU SIO N .................................................................................................3 0 5
I. INTRODUCTION
2023 marked a turning point in the contentious history of Armenian-Azeri
relations in the South Caucasus, and more specifically, over the territory
previously known as Nagorno-Karabakh. I The peaceful resolution of this
historical tension between such parties has been supposedly achieved through
the dissolution of the autonomous Republic of Nagorno-Karabakh.2 Although the
Republic ended through an issued decree, dissention against this act was
evidenced through the Republic's leaders retracting the dissolution while being
safeguarded in exile. 3 Although genocide has been a widely acknowledged
1 See Christian Edwards, Nagorno-Karabakh Will Cease to Exist from Next Year. How did This
Happen?, CNN (Sept. 28, 2023, 10:07 AM), https://www.cnn.com/2023/09/28/europe/nagorno-
karabakh-officially-dissolve-intl/index.html [https://perma.cc/78D4-C4PS]. The name 'Nagorno-
Karabakh,' upon dissolution and once Azeri rule was instituted, was changed to the Azeri name
referring to the region: simply 'Karabakh.' Joshua Kucera, Down with Nagorno-Karabakh - long live
Karabakh, EURASIANET (Apr. 2, 2021), https://eurasianet.org/down-with-nagorno-karabakh-long-
live-karabakh (''There is now no territorial unit called Nagorno-Karabakh,' Aliyev said this week,
at a video summit of leaders of Turkic-speaking countries. 'Azerbaijan solved this issue with its
historic victory.').
21d.
3 Ivan Nechepurenko, Nagorno-Karabakh Government Says It Will Disband, N.Y. TIMES (Sept. 28,
2023), https://www.nytimes.com/2023/09/28/world/europe/nagorno-karabakh-government.html
[https://perma.cc/P2YW-QER7] (In a decree published by the official news service of the Republic of](ViewImageLocal?handle=hein.journals/tlcp34&div=14&collection=&method=preview&ext=.png&size=3)
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International Silence on Genocide: Nagorno-Karabakh, a Case Study
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