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18 Mich. St. U. Coll. L. J. Int'l L. 165 (2009-2010)
Assessing the Effectiveness of Human Rights Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) from the Birth of the United Nations to the 21st Century: Ten Attributes of Highly Successful Human Rights NGOs

handle is hein.journals/mistjintl18 and id is 171 raw text is: ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF HUMAN RIGHTS NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS (NGOs) FROM THE BIRTH OF THE UNITED NATIONS TO THE 21sT CENTURY: TEN ATTRIBUTES OF HIGHLY SUCCESSFUL HUMAN RIGHTS NGOs George E. Edwards* I. INTRO DUCTION ................................................................................ 167 I. NGOs & HUMAN RIGHTS NGOs ..................................................... 169 A. NGO Definition and Pre-United Nations History .................... 169 B. Definition of a Human Rights NGO ...................... 171 C. Categorization of Human Rights NGOs .................................. 174 D. Human Rights NGOs and the U.N. System ............................. 176 1. Legal Bases for NGO Involvement with the U.N. ............ 177 2. Conference of Non-Governmental Organizations in Consultative Relationship with the U.N. ......................... 180 3. The United Nations Duty to Consult NGOs ..................... 182 E. Activities (Selected) of Human Rights NGOs in the International and Domestic Arenas ......................................... 183 1. NGOs Participating in U.N. Conferences ....................... 184 2. NGOs Presenting Shadow Reports to U.N. Treaty B od ies .............................................................................. 185 3. U.N. Bodies & Major Groups - U.N. Forum on Forests - Example of NGOs Working Within the U.N. System .............................................................................. 187 4. NGOs Participating in International Complaint M echanism s ..................................................................... 189 5. Academic Activities to Promote Human Rights ............... 190 6. Human Rights NGOs Outside the U.N. and Other Inter- Governmental Systems ..................................................... 192 * Carl M. Gray Professor of Law; Executive Chair (Inaugural / Former), Graduate Law Programs; Director, Program in International Human Rights Law; Faculty Director, Master of Laws (LLM) Track in International Human Rights Law at Indiana University School of Law - Indianapolis (gedwards@indiana.edu; gedwards97@yahoo.com). This Article builds on the content of a piece entitled An Introduction to International Human Rights Law, published by Koninklijke Brill NV, Netherlands. Thanks to the following: Professors Karen Bravo, Maria Lopez, and Fran Quigley of Indiana University School of Law - Indianapolis; Professor Azizur Rahman Chowdhury and Md. Jahid Hossain Bhuiyan (Bangladesh editors); Professors Salvioli (University of Law Plata, Argentina) and Vincent Mutai (Moi University Faculty of Law, Kenya); Mr. William J. Kurtz; Law Librarian Mr. Steven Miller; Research Assistants Colin Coons, Simeon Sungi, Chris Nancarrow, Matthew Trick, Mark Shope, Detra Mills, and Heidi Reed; and Faculty Assistant Michelle Davis.

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