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23 Conn. Pub. Int. L.J. 41 (2023-2024)
Child Labor Trafficking: The Overlooked Child Welfare Issue

handle is hein.journals/cpilj23 and id is 179 raw text is: Child Labor Trafficking: The Overlooked Child
Welfare Issue
STEPHANIE K. RICHARD,* DANIEL J. STEPHENSON,t & MARK R.
CHERNAUSEK$
ABSTRACT
This article examines the mobilization of the child welfare system to
better protect child sex trafficking victims and argues that this same
attention would benefit child labor trafficking victims. It discusses the
impacts of The Preventing Sex Trafficking and Strengthening Families Act
in 2014 and The Justice for Victims of Trafficking Act in 2015, similar
updates to federal and state laws, including The Trafficking Victims
Prevention and Protection Reauthorization Act in 2022, and how these
legislative frameworks could have benefited child labor trafficking victims
as well as child sex victims while saving resources. Finally, it presents
recommendations for bringing child labor trafficking into the purview of the
child welfare system.
ARTICLE CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION: INTERSECTION BETWEEN CHILD WELFARE AND
T R A FFICK IN G ................................................................................ . .   42
A. Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children and the Child Welfare
Sy ste m .......................................................................................... . 4 4
B. Child Labor Trafficking and the Child Welfare System .........        45
C. Child Labor Trafficking Often Involves Similar Dynamics to CSEC
.......................................................................................................... 48
II. FEDERAL FRAMEWORK FOR CSEC TRAFFICKING AND THE CHILD
W  ELFARE   SY STEM    ......................................................................... .   51
* Stephanie K. Richard, Esq. is the Director of Loyola Marymount University, Loyola Law School's
Sunita Jain Anti-Trafficking Initiative (SJI). SJI trains and engages students to promote anti-carceral
policies to prevent human trafficking. Richard previously served as the Senior Policy Advisor at the
Coalition to Abolish Slavery & Trafficking (CAST). CAST is a direct service provider for survivors of
human trafficking in California and serves as a crucial bridge between practice and public policy to end
trafficking.
t Daniel J. Stephenson, Esq. is senior of counsel at K&L Gates LLP. Stephenson was a founding
steering committee member for the K&L Gates LLP's Anti-Human Trafficking Initiative. He is the pro
bono coordinator for his firm's Raleigh office and, along with K&L Gates LLP associate Kristi A.
Nickodem, contributed to numerous trafficking cases for CAST and other pro bono clients.
$ Mark R. Chernausek is a Juris Doctorate Candidate at Loyola Marymount University, Loyola Law
School. During law school, he externed with the United States Attorney's Office for the Central District
of California and contributed to sex and labor trafficking prosecutions.

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