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27 J. Pol. Stud. 159 (2020)
Perspectives on Afghan Refugee Identity in Pakistan

handle is hein.journals/jlo27 and id is 149 raw text is: Journal of Political Studies, Vol. 27, Issue - 1, 2020, 159:181 Perspectives on Afghan Refugee identity in Pakistan Muhammad Najam ud din Farani Abstract Afghan refugees in Pakistan are a classical example of refugee-war nexus. They have been historically conditioned by wars and internal conflicts inside Afghanistan. The conflict within Afghanistan which has historically conditioned Afghan refugees has spanned for more than four decades. This study is an attempt to contextualize history, demographics, institutes, national policy and different factors that have conditioned the identity of Pakistani Afghan refugee community. This study also attempt to explore different perspectives on the identity of Afghan refugee community inside Pakistan. Keywords: Identity, Afghan Refugees, Pakistan, Soviet intervention, 9/11 Introduction Afghan refugees have been living inside Pakistan for four decades. They have been historically conditioned by wars and internal conflicts inside Afghanistan. They are historically contextualized by Cold War in general and the Soviet military intervention inside Afghanistan in the year 1979 in particular. Refugee-war nexus can be helpful in the historical contextualization of Afghan refugees in Pakistan before and after 9/11. The correlation between Afghan refugees and Afghan conflict can be explained with the help of refugee-war nexus which states refugees are a direct product of war (Kampf, 2019). The larger the scale of war, the larger the number of refugees is going to be. This has been the case with Afghan refugees as well. Their stay inside Pakistan has been conditioned by the Afghan war scenario. In this regard, this study is an attempt to contextualize history, demographics, institutes that have conditioned the identity of Pakistani Afghan refugee community. This study also attempt to explore different perspectives on the identity of Afghan refugee community inside Pakistan. Conceptual Framework According to Said (2001), refugee as a concept has been created by nation-states in the twentieth century in order to manage and control the affairs of politically bewildered helpless people who are in need of aid and support while they are in exile (Behrman, 2016). Kushner & Knox (1999) are of the view that the problem of refugee question from a historical point of view only got significant and garnered attention of the academia in the aftermath of two great wars in general and mass exodus faced by European continent in particular. Before these two great wars, there was a general silence and 'collective amensia' when it comes to the question of refugees and their predicament in history (Kushner, 1985, p. 11). In 1950, United Nations High *Author is PhD Scholar and Visiting Faculty Member, Department of Political Science, University of the Punjab, Lahore Correspondence: naiamfiranil57@gmail.com

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