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99 Foreign Aff. 78 (2020)
How to Make Trade Work for Workers

handle is hein.journals/fora99 and id is 708 raw text is: 




How to Make Trade Work

for Workers


Charting a Path Between Protectionism
and   Globalism

Robert   E.   Lighthizer


       he new coronavirus has challenged many long-held assump-
       tions. In the coming months and years, the United States
       will need to reexamine conventional wisdom in business,
medicine, technology, risk management, and many other fields. This
should also be a moment for renewed discussions-and, hopefully, a
stronger national consensus-about the future of U.S. trade policy.
   That debate should start with a fundamental question: What should
the objective of trade policy be? Some view trade through the lens of
foreign policy, arguing that tariffs should be lowered or raised in order
to achieve geopolitical goals. Others view trade strictly through the
lens of economic efficiency, contending that the sole objective of trade
policy should be to maximize overall output. But what most Americans
want is something else: a trade policy that supports the kind of society
they want to live in. To that end, the right policy is one that makes it
possible for most citizens, including those without college educations,
to access the middle class through stable, well-paying jobs.
   That is precisely the approach the Trump administration is taking.
It has broken with the orthodoxies of free-trade religion at times, but
contrary to what critics have charged, it has not embraced protec-
tionism and autarky. Instead, it has sought to balance the benefits of
trade liberalization with policies that prioritize the dignity of work.
   Under this new policy, the Office of the U.S. Trade Representa-
tive, which I head, has taken aggressive and, at times, controversial

ROBERT E. LIGHTHIZER is U.S. Trade Representative.


78   FOREIGN   AFFAIRS

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