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39 Va. J. Int'l L. 89 (1998-1999)
The First Case under the WTO's Sanitary and Phytosanitary Agreement: The European Union's Hormone Ban

handle is hein.journals/vajint39 and id is 99 raw text is: The First Case Under the WTO's Sanitary and Phytosanitary Agreement: The European Union's Hormone Ban DALE E. McNIEL TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Introduction ............................................................................ 90 II. Negotiation of the SPS Agreement ..................................... 93 III. The Nature and Safety of Hormones ................................... 96 A. Natural and Synthetic Hormones .................................. 96 B. The U.S. Risk Assessment for Hormones Found in B eef ................................................................................... 98 IV. The Dispute Between the United States and the European Communities ........................................................ 99 A. U.S. Regulation of Hormone Use for Growth Promotion of Cattle ......................................................... 99 B. The EC Ban on Using Hormones for Growth Prom otion ............................................................................ 100 C. The Relevant International Standards ............................. 107 D. The GATT Dispute Settlement Process .......................... 109 E. The WTO Dispute Settlement Proceedings .................... 111 V. Legal Analysis of the Principal SPS Issues ............................. 112 * Partner, McLeod, Watkinson & Miller, Washington, D.C.; J.D., University of Chi- cago Law School, 1976. The author previously served as a Senior Counsel in the U.S. De- partment of Agriculture and participated in many of the events discussed in the article, including the negotiation of the interim measure, the multilateral trade negotiations of the Agreement on Agriculture, the Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures, and the presentation of the hormone ban case to the WTO dispute settlement panel. The author would like to thank Kevin Brosch, Deputy Assistant General Counsel for Interna- tional Affairs, U.S. Department of Agriculture, and Kevin Lamer, International Econo- mist, Office of Food Safety and Technical Services, Foreign Agricultural Service, for their assistance in reviewing the manuscript. The views expressed in this article are, of course, solely the views of the author.

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