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12 UCLA J. Int'l L. & Foreign Aff. 181 (2007)
Reflections on Brazilian Constitutionalism

handle is hein.journals/jilfa12 and id is 185 raw text is: REFLECTIONS ON BRAZILIAN CONSTITUTIONALISM JOAQUIM BARBOSA- Joaquim Barbosa is a Supreme Court Justice in Brazil. The following speech was presented at the UCLA School of Law on January 16, 2007. It begins by addressing Brazilian Constitutionalism and history. It then fo- cuses on the development of Brazil's judiciary and its unique role as a po- litical, rather than strictly judicial, part of the Brazilian government. It compares and contrasts the traditional use of the diffuse model of judicial review in Brazil with the increasing use of abstract review. It concludes by providing examples of recent cases that highlight the Brazilian judiciary's active role as a political participant in Brazilian governance. IN TROD U CTION ................................................................................... 182 I. CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORY OF BRAZIL ........................................... 182 II. THE SUPREME COURT OF BRAZIL .................................................. 183 A. Composition and Structure of the Court ................................ 184 B. Jurisdiction of the Supreme Court ......................................... 185 C. The Active Political Role of the Brazilian Judiciary ............. 185 III. D IFFUSE R EV IEW .................................................................... 186 A. The Diffuse M odel of Review ............................................... 186 B. Diffuse Review in Action: The Impeachment of President Collor de M ello ...................................................... 186 C. Limitations of the Diffuse Model of Review ......................... 188 IV . A BSTRACT REVIEW ...................................................................... 189 A. Direct Action on Unconstitutionality .................................... 189 1. STAN D IN G ....................................................................... 189 Justice of the Supreme Court of Brazil. Based on a speech delivered at UCLA School of Law on January 16, 2007.

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