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44 Stan. Env't L. J. 1 (2025)

handle is hein.journals/staev44 and id is 1 raw text is: 














          Naturalized Rights of Animals,

          Animalized Rights of Nature




    Macarena Montes Franceschini* & Kristen

                              Stilt**



I.    INTRODUCTION    ..........................................................................  3
II.   AN  INTRODUCTION   TO RIGHTS  OF NATURE,  ANIMAL  RIGHTS,
      AND  INDUSTRIAL  ANIMAL  AGRICULTURE   ............................... 10
      A.  The  Rights of Nature: A Widespread Global Movement..   10
      B.  Animal  Rights ......................................................................17
      C.  Industrial Animal Agriculture ........................................ 21
III.  RIGHTS  OF NATURE  AND  ANIMAL  RIGHTS-COMPARATIVE
      STRENGTHS   AND WEAKNESSES   ................................................ 26
      A.  Pace of Growth  and General Acceptance  ..................... 26
      B.  Theoretical and  Practical Coherence ............................ 27
      C.  Range  of Species and Entities of Concern..................... 29
      D . Inclusivity....................................................................... . 31
      E.  W inning and  Losing........................................................  35


* PhD in Law (Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona); Rights of Nature Fellow, Brooks
McCormickJr. Animal Law & Policy Program at Harvard Law School.
** Professor of Law, Harvard Law School; Faculty Director, Brooks McCormickJr. Animal
Law & Policy Program at Harvard. We thank the participants in the HLS Faculty Workshop;
the HLS Animal Law & Policy Program Workshop; the Brooks Institute Annual Workshop;
the Yale Law School Law, Environment &Animals Program (LEAP) and the Pompeu Fabra
University Climate, Nature and Demography Workshop for helpful comments on drafts of
this article. From these workshops, we particularly thank Jill Lepore, Mike Klarman, Ben-
jamin Eidelson, Guy-Uriel Charles, Stephen Sachs, Rosalind Dixon, Vlad Perju, Katharine
Young, Doug Kysar, Dale Jamieson, Justin Marceau, Erin Delaney, Bonnie Nadzam, and
Alex Blanchette. We also thank Frank Bibeau (attorney for the Ojibwe), Sam Bookman
(HLS SJD candidate), Kevin Schneider (Counsel, Earth Law Center), Gustavo de Baggis,
and GracielaAdre (Argentine animal law attorneys). We are grateful to the Brooks Institute
for Animal Rights Law & Policy and the Hadley Family Foundation for funding that made
the Rights of Nature fellowship for Macarena possible.


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