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30 Soc. Change 1 (2000)

handle is hein.journals/sclcnge30 and id is 1 raw text is: 1-7 Social Change : March-June 2000: Vol. 30 Nos. 1&2 Urban poverty in India - An introduction Sabir Ali* Guest Co-editor URBAN POVERTY IS AN important problem of urban development and management common to developed as well as developing countries. It is acute and more alarming in developing countries like India. The Working Group on Urban Poverty appointed by the National Commission on Urbanisation (1988: p.7) observed that the most demanding of the urban challenges, unquestionably, is the challenge posed by urban poverty; the challenge of reducing exploitation, relieving misery and creating more humane conditions for working, living and growth for those disadvantaged people who have made the city their home already or are in the process of doing so. The task of adequately feeding, educating, housing and employing a large and rapidly growing number of under-nourished, semi-literate, semi-skilled, underemployed and impoverished city dwellers who are living on pavements, in poorly serviced chawls, in unhygienic slums, in illegal squatters and other forms of degraded and inadequate settlements and who are struggling to make a living from low paying and unstable occupations, in a reasonable time span is the essence of development challenge facing the Indian Planners today. In India's development strategy, removal of poverty became a dominant objective initially in the Fifth Five-Year Plan (1974 -79). The earlier plans emphasized the existence of large scale poverty in the country, but there was no proper analysis of the dimension of the problem. The Fifth Plan noted that the consumption levels of the bottom 30 per cent of the country's population with their share of only 13.45 per cent of the total private consumption, remained far below the minimum of Rs. 40.6 (1972-73 prices) per capita per month required to stay just above the poverty line. No distinction was made between rural and urban poverty. It stressed the need to raise the share of the * Planner/Fellow, Council for Social Development , 53 Lodi Estate, New Delhi-11003.

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