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49 Pol. Sci. Q. 1 (1934)

handle is hein.journals/pclscceqry49 and id is 1 raw text is: 




Volume  XLIX]         M


       POLITICAL SCIENCE


                QUARTERLY


  COLLECTIVIZATION OF AGRICULTURE IN THE
                  SOVIET UNION I



AS early as 1906, Lenin, fully   recognizing in the agrarian
         events of 1904-5 the halibingers of a social revolution,
         nevertheless saw fit to admonish his followers in
these words:  We are supporting the peasant movement to the
last, but we must remember that this is not the class which is
capable of bringing about or will bring about a socialist revo-
lution.' This  attitude toward the peasantry flows directly
from what  Lenin called a truism  known to every Marxian,
that the  leading social forces in every capitalistic society are
the proletariat and the bourgeoisie, while all the other social
groups who  occupy  an intermediate position . . . inevitably
gravitate in the direction of the first or second major group. 2
In the light of the position of the peasantry during the French
Revolution, in the revolutionary movement of the nineteenth
century in Western  Europe, and  in the first decade of the
twentieth in Russia, Lenin held that  all the attempts of the
petite-bourgeoisie in general, and the peasantry in particular,
to assert their power and direct economic and political policies
along their own lines, ended in defeat. ' Soon after the out-
break of the February Revolution of -rgl he warned his fol-
lowers that a union of the peasantry with the bourgeoisie might
take place. Hence,  the proletarian party at present must not
  1 Lenin, N., Peresmotr Agrarnoi Programmy Rabochei Partii (A Reixami-
nation of the Agrarian Program of the Workers Party) (St. Petersburg, 1906),
p. 27.
  2 Lenin, N., Sobranie Sochinenli (Collected Works) (Moscow, 2d ed.), vol.
XXIII, p. 290.
  * Ibid., vol. XXVI, p. 290.


March,   r934


[ Number   r

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