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48 Pol. Sci. Q. 1 (1933)

handle is hein.journals/pclscceqry48 and id is 1 raw text is: 






Volume  XL  VIII]     March,  1933


       POLITICAL SCIENCE


                QUARTERLY


THE   FISCAL   OUTLOOK AND THE COORDINATION
               OF  PUBLIC REVENUES

THE present fiscal   situation is characterized by two urgent
        problems. In  federal finance the vital question is
        that of balancing the budget, by the reduction of
expenditures, by the increase of revenues, or by a combination
of the two. In state and local finance the pressing problem is
that of diminishing the tax burden on real estate, the position
of which has become exceedingly difficult in the face of a fall
of capital values not met by a corresponding reduction of
assessed values. These two  problems are interwoven.  In
their anxiety to find additional revenues both state and federal
governments are beginning to overlap and to trench upon each
other's fields. So far as the individual citizen is concerned,
the burden is a composite one, to be treated as a whole. It
will conduce to clearness, however, if we make a separate
approach to the tangled situation. We shall therefore first
treat the federal problem independently 'and then consider the
question of the relation of federal and state revenues, with an
especial eye to the tax on real estate.
                I.  The Federal Situation
  A  thorough discussion of the federal situation would involve
two fundamental topics: What is the actual deficit? And how
far can it be eliminated by a reduction of expenditures? The
first problem would call for a study of several points which
have often been overlooked, such as the distinction between
current and capital outlays; the propriety of including in the
budget the sums needed for the amortization or sinking of the
debt; and the determination of the period to which the con-


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