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45 Nw. J. Int'l L. & Bus. 1 (2024)

handle is hein.journals/nwjilb45 and id is 1 raw text is: 






Copyright 2025 by Cesare Cavallini
Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business





Anglo-Saxon Res Judicata Culture for Civil

Law Systems





Cesare Cavallini*


     Abstract

     One  traditional aspect distinguishing the common law system from the civil law
     one  lies in the perceived disparities in the inspiration ofthe law-making process.
     The  Anglo-Saxon system typically grounds its rules in explicit and discernible
     policies spanning social, anthropological, and economic realms directly relevant
     to the circumstances. In contrast, the civil law tradition frequently necessitates a
     fixed conceptual framework, sometimes  detached from the practical needs of
     society. Or, at least, this dynamic persisted until recent changes prompted by the
     doing  business model, which has timidly ascended to the forefront of the State
     agenda,  particularly across Europe, notably in Italy. Despite some expected
     resistance from academia, civil law jurisprudence has increasingly taken the
     forefront, often guiding legislative developments and mirroring the historical
     governance  trajectory in Anglo-Saxon societies.


    Hence, res judicata embodies a significant trend in this evolving process, whether
    for overruling legal precedents or introducing new legislative provisions. In one
    of the oldest civil law systems, the Italian system, the scope of res judicata has
    expanded  significantly, and the primary goal of civil justice reforms and the new
    jurisprudence has been to reduce multiple litigations. While some differences
    exist, there is a growing convergence between the two legal systems on the role
    and  impact of res judicata in preventing the relitigation of cases. Res judicata
    serves as a privileged lens through which familiar elements of both systems
    contribute to shaping a global pattern of civil justice.


















Professor of Law, Bocconi University of Milan, Head of the Legal Studies Department.


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