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31 Mich. Tech. L. Rev. 1 (2024)

handle is hein.journals/mttlr31 and id is 1 raw text is: INNOVATION ORIGINATORS Tabrez Y. Ebrahim* & Rafeel Wasif Ph.D. t ABSTRACT Asian Americans are one of the most striking and undertheorized ethnic groups in the field of innovation. While a prolific ethnic group when it comes to being named as inventors on U.S. patents, very little has been written on this observation, perhaps because of previously limited datasets and unwieldy data analysis on ethnic backgrounds about patenting at the United States Patent & Trademark Office (USPTO). Research on inventor diversity and ethnicity in innovation has begun to explore some ethnic groups, but a more holistic account shouldfocus on one particular overlooked group. Recently, entrepreneurship studies concerning ethnicity have shown that Asian Americans represent a relatively small percentage of technology startup founders, and while those studies have focused on comparing White, Black, and Latinx founders, more granular attention is necessary for Asian American founders. In this Article, we describe and analyze why Asian Americans are overrepresented as inventors on U.S. patents and underrepresented as technology startup founders relative to other ethnic groups. We examine the link between inventors and entrepreneurs based on ethnicity (focusing on Asian Americans); draw normative implications for immigration law, venture capital law, and patent law; and provide proposals and economic insights for the USPTO and U.S. innovation policy. We utilize computational surname and artificial intelligence (AI) methods to determine statistics of Asian Americans and Asians named * Associate Professor of Law, Lewis & Clark Law School; Visiting Scholar, University of Texas at Austin School of Law & McCombs School of Business; Scholar, George Mason University Center for Intellectual Property x Innovation Policy; Interim Director, Center for Business Law & Innovation, Lewis & Clark Law School; Faculty Affiliate, Data Science Program, Lewis & Clark College; Research Affiliate, Bates Center for Entrepreneurship & Leadership, Lewis & Clark College; Research Affiliate, Fariborz Maseeh Department of Mathematics & Statistics, Portland State University; Research Affiliate, Portland Institute for Computational Science; Registered United States patent attorney; J.D., Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law; M.B.A., Northwestern University Kellogg School of Management; LL.M., University of Houston Law Center; Graduate Entrepreneurship Certificate, Stanford Graduate School of Business; M.S. Mechanical Engineering (Computational Engineering), Stanford University; B.S. Mechanical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin. T Assistant Professor of Public Administration, Portland State University, Mark O. Hatfield School of Government, College of Urban and Public Affairs; Ph.D., Political Science, University of Washington; M.A. International Studies, University of Washington; B.Sc. Economics and Political Science, Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS); Postdoctorate, Lilly Family School of Philanthropy, Indiana University-Purdue University; Github Repository, https://bit.lv/3AVEpV2; Affiliate Researcher, Data-Driven Management and Center of Excellence for the Adoption of Artificial Intelligence in the Public Sector at Portland State University. 1

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