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24 J. Forensic Psychiatry & Psych. 1 (2013)

handle is hein.journals/jnlofncpy24 and id is 1 raw text is: The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology, 2013 3 Routledge Vol. 24, No. 1, 1-15, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14789949.2012.752519 Tao&randrCGou The effectiveness of an enhanced thinking skills programme in offenders with antisocial personality traits Michael Doylea*, Tarun Khannaa, Charlotte Lennoxa, Jenny Shawa, Adrian Hayesa, Jayne Taylora, Amanda Robertsa and Mairead Dolanb aCentre for Mental Health and Risk, University of Manchester, Manchester; UK; bCentre for Forensic Behavioural Science, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia (Received 5 September 2012; final version received 20 November 2012) Although evidence is emerging that enhanced thinking skills (ETS) interventions are effective in reducing recidivism in prisoners, there is lim- ited evidence supporting the effectiveness of ETS improving behaviour and functioning in prisoners with antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) traits. This study investigated the effectiveness of a group ETS programme in improving antisocial attitudes, anger regulation and social problem-solv- ing skills in offenders with traits diagnostic of ASPD. A controlled trial was conducted comparing ETS programme with treatment as usual (TAU). Outcome measures were the Antisocial Personality Questionnaire, the Nov- aco Anger Scale and the Social Problem-Solving Inventory-Short Form. Significant improvements in the ETS group on all of the outcome mea- sures were evident, when compared to TAU group. This study provides evidence that cognitive skills programmes based on ETS improve function- ing in offenders with traits diagnostic of ASPD. The ETS programmes may be a therapeutic option when working with this historically difficult to treat group. However, further research is required that includes a random- ised design, more objective behavioural outcome measures and a longer follow-up period. Keywords: forensic psychiatry and psychology; forensic mental health; personality disorder; antisocial behaviour; prison; criminal behaviour Introduction Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) is highly prevalent in prison popula- tions and likely to be present in 63% of sentenced male prisoners and 31% of female offenders (Singleton, Meltzer, Gatward, Coid, & Deasy, 1998). The ASPD is associated with increased mortality, due to higher rates of suicide as well as reckless acts such as drug abuse, antisocial and violent behaviour (Martin, Cloninger, Guze, & Clayton, 1985). Based on diagnostic criteria, people with ASPD fail to conform to social norms and have high levels of © 2013 Taylor & Francis *Corresponding author. Email: michael.doyle@manchester.ac.uk

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