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45 Armed Forces & Soc'y 3 (2019)

handle is hein.journals/amdfcsad45 and id is 1 raw text is: Article Armed Forces & Society 2019, Vol. 45(1) 3-26 © The Author(s) 2018 The Impact of Perceived ©TeAto~)21 Article reuse guidelines: sagepub.com/journals-permissions Toxic Leadership on DOI: 10.1177/0095327X17747204 journals.sagepub.com/homne/afs Cynicism in Officer *SAGE Candidates James M. Dobbs' and James J. Do' Abstract Organizational cynicism is a key factor in employee burnout, emotional exhaustion, and turnover and directly reduces organizational citizenship behavior, commitment, and effectiveness. Still, little empirical research examines antecedents of organiza- tional cynicism. This study applies a dark side of leadership framework from an organizational and leadership perspective to examine the relationship between perceived toxic leadership and organizational cynicism in a military educational environment. Survey and interview data were used to assess the relationship between toxic leadership and organizational cynicism as reported by U.S. Air Force Academy cadets. Results demonstrate a positive relationship between toxic lead- ership and organizational cynicism, such that those who report having leaders with toxic characteristics are likely to have more negative attitudes toward their orga- nization. Self-promotion emerged as the sole significant toxic leadership dimension predicting cynicism. Group differences in perceived toxic leadership are found for race but not for gender or amount of time within the organization. Keywords leadership, toxic leadership, cynicism, officer development Department of Behavioral Sciences and Leadership, United States Air Force Academy, Colorado Springs, CO, USA Corresponding Author: James M. Dobbs, Department of Behavioral Sciences and Leadership, United States Air Force Academy, 2354 Fairchild Dr. Ste 6L-101, Colorado Springs, CO 80840, USA. Email: james.dobbs@usafa.edu

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