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30 Armed Forces & Soc'y 7 (2003-2004)

handle is hein.journals/amdfcsad30 and id is 1 raw text is: Military Community Integration and Its Effect on Well-Being and Retention LOLITA BURRELL, DORIS BRILEY DURAND, AND JENNIFER FORTADO Other than for a very small call-up in 1968, very few soldiers from the reserve components were involved in the Vietnam War; the brunt of the fighting was done by active duty soldiers. Following the war, Chief of Staff Gen. Creighton Abrams and Secretary of Defense Melvin Laird designed a doctrine that transferred essential capabilities to the reserve components so that if other wars erupted, the Army could not deploy without calling up the National Guard and the Army Reserve. During Operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm, the Army activated over 145,000 Guard and Reserve personnel. Immediately following 11 September, more than 70,000 reservists and National Guard troops were called to active duty. Lt. Col. Randy Pullen, Office of the Chief, Army Reserve, notes, Over the last ten years, we have become the Army's essential provider for training and support operations, make no mistake about it. Just look at whom they mobilized and where they sent them. We're engaged worldwide today. We're in about 50 countries around the world. There are Army Reservists in Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, Pakistan, the Philip- pines and anywhere else that you think of that the Army is today. As the Reserve components become full partners with the active forces, the question arises, What about the soldiers' families? Reserve component families are civilian families; do they likewise become Capt. Lolita Burrell, PhD, is a research psychologist with the United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine. Doris Briley Durand, PhD, is a military sociologist. Their current research centers on the effects of high OPTEMPO/PERSTEMPO and sepa- rations and deployments on soldiers and their families. Jennifer Fortado is a Ph.D. candi- date at the University of Maryland, College Park. Address for correspondence: Capt. Lolita Burrell, USARIEMIWAMC Medical Research Facility, Attn: MCXC-R (Burrell), Bldg 4-2817 WAMC, Fort Bragg, NC 28310. Armed Forces & Society, Vol. 30, No. 1, Fall 2003, pp. 7-24.

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