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20 Armed Forces & Soc'y 3 (1993-1994)

handle is hein.journals/amdfcsad20 and id is 1 raw text is: Fall 1993 ABSTRACTS Volume 20 Number 1 MELDING WAR AND POLITICS IN NAMIBIA: SOUTH AFRICA'S COUNTERINSURGENCY CAMPAIGN, 1966-1989 7 Namibia was the last League of Nations mandated territory to receive independence because the South African Government not only refused to place it under the United Nations trusteeship system but also refused to acknowledge the legitimacy of any trans- tribal African nationalism in the territory which they termed South West Africa. Following the 1966 decision of the International Court of Justice to uphold the South African position on Namibia, African nationalists under the banner of the South West African People's Organization (SWAPO of Namibia) undertook a lengthy insurgency campaign involving military operations by the People's Liberation Army of Namibia (PLAN). The brunt of the South African counterinsurgency campaign was waged by the South African Defense Force (SADF) in conjunction with the local police units. This article considers the conflict between the SADF and the PLAN in terms of small unit warfare, imported and localized counterinsurgency doctrine, the efficacy and application of civic action by SADF units, allegations of torture made by both sides, the recruitment of SADF and local territorial forces, and the international political ramifications of this lengthy, near-intractable war. BY RICHARD DALE FROM COUNTERREVOLUTIONARY WARFARE TO POLITICAL AWAKENING: THE URUGUAYAN AND ARGENTINE ARMED FORCES IN THE 1970S 25 This article presents an alternative way of considering the role of military ideology in Uruguay and Argentina in the 1970's. Although it refers to two case studies in the Southern Cone, some of the conclusions emerging from an analysis of the effect of military interven- tion in politics upon the military itself have a general and universal character and could be extrapolated to and tested in other contexts. BY CARINA PERELLI

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