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11 Armed Forces & Soc'y 9 (1984-1985)

handle is hein.journals/amdfcsad11 and id is 1 raw text is: Civil-Military Relations In the Two Koreas C. I. EUGENE KIM Western Michigan University Studies of civil-military relations abound. Their critical importance for the analysis of any political system is widely acknowledged.' As Henry Bienen points out, however, studies that compare Communist systems with non-Communist ones or developed political systems with underdeveloped ones are of recent vintage.2 Korea is one of the few cases available for useful com- parison of Communist and non-Communist civil-military relations in a developing context. Following Japan's surrender in 1945 to the Allied powers in World War II, the Korean peninsula was liberated from Japanese colonialism. The Allied powers decided to bisect Korea along the 38th parallel for the purpose of disarming Japanese troops there. The red army of the Soviet Union was given the responsibility of occupying North Korea and American troops South Korea. As subsequent events have shown, the consequences of this decision have been disastrous. Hardened by the cold war in the postwar years, the United States and the USSR became uncompromising in their divergent positions regarding the future of the strategic Korean peninsula. The temporary division became a permanent fixture, creating two separate governments in 1948, each modeled after its sponsoring power-the Democratic People's Republic of Korea AUTHOR'S NOTE: Thanks are due to Morris Janowitz for his encouragement and moral support. Western Michigan University assisted this work with a generous faculty research fellowship grant. ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY, vol. 11 No. 1, Fall 1984 9-31 © 1984 by the Inter-University Seminar on Armed Forces and Society 1984 Fall|9

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