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GAO-03-792R 1 (2003-05-15)

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   I


       Accountability * Integrity * Reliability
United States General Accounting Office
Washington, DC 20548

   May 15, 2003

   The Honorable Richard G. Lugar
   Chairman
   The Honorable Joseph R. Biden
   Ranking Minority Member
   Committee on Foreign Relations
   United States Senate

   The Honorable Henry J. Hyde
   Chairman
   The Honorable Tom Lantos
   Ranking Minority Member
   Committee on International Relations
   House of Representatives

   Subject: Rebuilding Iraq

   Rebuilding Iraq is a U.S. national security priority. As part of this effort, Congress
   appropriated $79 billon in emergency supplemental funds for fiscal year 2003 for military
   operations and Iraq's reconstruction, including humanitarian relief, peacekeeping, and
   economic and political reform. We have issued reports on similar programs to rebuild
   countries in the former Yugoslavia, the former Soviet Union, and other locations (see
   attachment III for a listing of previous GAO reports). Based on this work, we have
   developed short papers to help congressional decision-makers think about and prioritize
   the range of issues related to rebuilding Iraq. These papers cover the following topics.

   Food Aid and Humanitarian Relief

   The conflict in Iraq has compromised the country's food security and its medical and
   water systems. In response, the World Food Program has developed an emergency plan
   to meet the food needs of 27 million Iraqis, at a cost of $1.2 billion, from March 25 to
   September 25, 2003. Other donors, including the United States, are providing medicine
   and potable water to many locations. In addition, as many as 1 million Arabs may be
   displaced in Northern Iraq by Kurds, who are retaking the homes and villages they were
   expelled from over the last three decades. Potential issues are the total cost of food and
   humanitarian aid, coordination and effectiveness of humanitarian aid, the transition from
   emergency aid to sustainable living, and efforts to provide for the internally displaced.

   Peace Operations

   The peace operation in Iraq presents significant security and political challenges for the
   United States. Some tasks for the peacekeeping phase are providing security,


GAO-03-792R Rebuilding Iraq

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