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1 [1] (March 24, 2025)

handle is hein.crs/usamycps0001 and id is 1 raw text is: o Congressional Research Senilce Inforrning the legislative debate since 1914 Updated March 24, 2025 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers: FY2025 Appropriations Congress generally funds the civil works activities of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) in annual Energy and Water Development appropriations acts. These activities primarily include the planning and construction of authorized water resource projects and the operation and maintenance (O&M) of infrastructure and navigation improvements managed by USACE. USACE uses most of its appropriations for work on specific studies and projects authorized by Congress. Nonfederal project sponsors or users often share in project costs. For more on USACE appropriations, see CRS Report R46320, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers: Annual Appropriations Process. For USACE civil works, President Biden requested $7.22 billion for FY2025 (Figure 1). The House Appropriations Committee reported its FY2025 Energy and Water Development and Related Agencies Appropriations Act (H.R. 8997) on July 9, 2024, which would have appropriated $9.96 billion for USACE. On August 1, 2024, the Senate Appropriations Committee reported its FY2025 measure (S. 4927), which would have appropriated $10.34 billion. Following short-term continuing resolutions, the Full-Year Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2025 (P.L. 119-4), was signed into law on March 15, 2025, to fund USACE at the FY2024 appropriated level (Figure 1). Division D, Title 1, of P.L. 118-42 provided USACE with FY2024 annual appropriations of $8.70 billion and rescinded $22 million from prior-year appropriations. Figure I. Annual USACE Budget Requests and Appropriations, FY20 18-FY2025 (nominal $, in billions) Annual Appropriations Budget Request $9.0 $8.0 $7.0 $6.0 $4.0 $2.0 $1. $0.0 ~c O 0 rt N +- - N N r4 r ^ N Source: Congressional Research Service (CRS), based on appropriations laws and USACE budget requests. Notes: Does not reflect supplemental appropriations or redirection of prior-year appropriations. In addition to annual discretionary appropriations, Congress has provided supplemental funding to USACE in some fiscal years. For example, the American Relief Act, 2025 (P.L. 118-158), provided $1.52 billion in FY2025 emergency supplemental funds. Other supplemental funds were made available in prior fiscal years, and USACE is still obligating and expending some of these funds in FY2025. In addition, P.L. 118-42 directed that USACE use $1.43 billion of unobligated and unallocated Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA; P.L. 117-58) Construction monies to fund construction projects listed in the explanatory statement accompanying P.L. 118-42. For information on USACE supplemental funding, see CRS In Focus IF11945, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers: Supplemental Appropriations. USACE FY2025 Full-Year Continuing Appropriations Funding P.L. 119-4 provides the same appropriations levels for USACE accounts as P.L. 118-42 did for FY2024 (Table 1). The O&M account, which funds maintenance of existing USACE infrastructure, makes up 64% of USACE's FY2025 annual appropriations. In addition, most provisions, such as how much funding is to be derived from the Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund ($2.77 billion), are retained. Under P.L. 119-4, the Construction account receives the same level of appropriations as in FY2024: $1.85 billion. However, P.L. 119-4 excludes a P.L. 118-42 provision regarding the use of $1.43 billion in prior-year unobligated and unallocated IIJA Construction funds. Therefore, P.L. 119-4 provides new funding for USACE's Construction activities in FY2025 in an amount that is 44% less than the amount directed by Congress to fund FY2024 construction activities listed in the explanatory statement accompanying P.L. 118-42. Community Project Funding and Congressionally Directed Spending The 112th through 116th Congresses did not allow for congressionally directed funding of site-specific studies and projects, sometimes referred to as earmarks. In annual appropriations acts, the 117th and 118th Congresses included community project funding (CPF) and congressionally directed spending (CDS) requested by Representatives and Senators, respectively, for site-specific studies and projects. For FY2025, the House and Senate Appropriations committees invited Members of Congress to request CPF and CDS items, respectively, for authorized studies and projects under the accounts listed in Table 1. The FY2025 House committee report (H.Rept. 118-580) recommended funding 95 CPF items totaling $890 million for USACE activities. The FY2025 Senate committee report (S.Rept. https://crsreports.congress.gol

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