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1 1 (April 18, 2019)

handle is hein.crs/govzkd0001 and id is 1 raw text is: Congressional *.Research Service Brexit Extended April 18, 2019 New Deadline Is End of October 2019 The departure of the United Kingdom (UK) from the European Union (EU), known as Brexit, was originally scheduled for March 29, 2019. The UK House of Commons has repeatedly rejected the withdrawal agreement that the UK government negotiated with the EU, however, while also opposing the no-deal option of leaving the EU without a withdrawal agreement. On March 22, EU leaders agreed to extend the UK's departure date to May 22, 2019, provided the UK could approve the agreement by April 12, 2019. As that deadline drew near, EU leaders at an emergency European Council summit on April 10, 2019, agreed to offer the UK a new flexible extension until October 31, 2019, with an earlier departure possible upon approval of the agreement. In both instances, UK Prime Minister Theresa May had requested a three-month extension to June 30. Paramount to the EU's decision was preserving the integrity of the European Parliament elections scheduled for May 23-26, 2019. The extension means that the UK must prepare to participate in the elections. If it does not participate, the UK's EU membership would cease on May 31, 2019, with or without a withdrawal agreement. In seeking and granting the extensions, both sides have also reiterated their intention to avoid the no- deal scenario, due to concerns that it could cause considerable disruption, with negative effects on economic, trade, security, Northern Ireland, aviation, and other issues. The Withdrawal Agreement and Its Critics The strategy adopted by the government of Prime Minister May in 2017 was to pursue a relatively hard Brexit, meaning a departure from the EU single market and customs union, and a restoration of British sovereignty over lawmaking, including with regard to trade policy and immigration. The strategy calls for the UK to negotiate a free trade agreement with the EU to secure as much access to the EU market as possible. In November 2018, EU and UK negotiators finalized the 585-page draft withdrawal agreement and a 26- page political declaration on the future relationship. The agreement includes a transition period through 2020 in which to implement steps for an orderly separation. It also contains a backstop provision under which the UK would essentially remain in the EU customs union until the two sides agree on their future Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov IN11102 CRS INSIGHT Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress

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