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1 1 (April 9, 2019)

handle is hein.crs/govzfl0001 and id is 1 raw text is: SCongressional Iran's Revolutionary Guard Named a Terrorist Organization April 9, 2019 Overview On April 8, 2019, President Trump announced his intent to name Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) as a Foreign Terrorist Organization (FTO). Administration officials attributed the designation to the IRGC's being an active and enthusiastic participant in acts of terror, including the 1983 bombing of the U.S. Marine barracks in Beirut and the 1996 bombing of the Khobar Towers complex in Saudi Arabia. The designation, which is subject to congressional review, represents the first time the United States has designated an official military organization of a foreign state as an FTO. The designation is unlikely to apply additional financial pressure on the IRGC because it is already designated for sanctions under several Executive Orders that, in general, carry penalties similar to FTO-related penalties and have already deterred most foreign companies from conducting transactions with the IRGC. The designation stems from the Administration's assertions that Iran is responsible for a wide range of malign activities in the Near East region, but has increased concerns among some U.S. officials that Iran or its proxies might try to attack U.S. forces in the region in retaliation. Technical Considerations The State Department authority to designate FTOs was established under Section 302 of the Anti- Terrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996 (P.L. 104-132) which added Section 219 to the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1189). The section authorizes the Secretary of State to designate an organization as an FTO if the Secretary finds that- (A) the organization is a foreign organization; (B) the organization engages in terrorist activity or terrorism, or retains the capability and intent to engage in terrorist activity and terrorism; and (C) the terrorist activity of the organization threatens the security of United States nationals or the national security of the United States. Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov IN11093 CRS INSIGHT Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress

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