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1 [1] (February 25, 2025)

handle is hein.crs/govesoy0001 and id is 1 raw text is: Cote d'Ivoire CMte d'Ivoire, the world's top cocoa producer, has a rapidly growing economy and has been a rising U.S. security partner in the region. Of the $161 million in U.S. bilateral assistance allocated in FY2023, more than 90% went to health initiatives. In 2022, the Biden Administration named C6te d'Jvoire, as part of a five-country Coastal West Africa grouping, as a focus of engagement under the Global Fragility Act of 2019 (Title V, Div. J, P.L. 116-94), for which Congress has provided funding and oversight. C~te d'Ivoire has experienced economic growth and relative stability under President Alassane Ouattara, in office since 2011. However, political tensions persist, stemming in part from his contested third-term election in 2020 and calls within his party for him to run again in 2025. Potential spillover from Islamist insurgencies in Mali and Burkina Faso, which was examined in several hearings in the 118th Congress, threatens the northern part of the country. C~te d'Jvoire's government appears to have responded more effectively to this risk than some others in the region. As So Congress considers West Africa as a whole, threats to Mo security in the region may be a concern. up PoliticsF A turbulent election in 2025 could reignite tensions within W C6te d'Jvoire, and regional instability could undermine ac democratic norms. Presidential elections in C6te d'Jvoire im have sometimes prompted political violence. Disputes over str migration, nationality, and citizenship rights have fueled Fr tensions between the predominantly Muslim north and the largely Christian south, culminating in civil war in the Te 2000s. In 2010, then-President Laurent Gbagbo refused to gr concede electoral defeat to Ouattara, sparking a new of outbreak of violence. Gbagbo ultimately ceded power after Ni intervention by rebels and French and UN troops. Gbagbo th was acquitted by the International Criminal Court (ICC) for (E alleged crimes against humanity in 2010-11. B C6te d'Ivoire's 2025 election features contentious ea dynamics: President Ouattara (age 83) has signaled an interest in running for a fourth term. Given the controversial Fr constitutional reset of term limits, this move could risk co unrest. Opposition parties have stated concerns about the w voter registration process and other electoral preparations. G Potential candidates include Tidjane Thiam, an in international banker who took leadership of the country's pr largest opposition party in 2024. Former President Gbagbo, Sa his ex-wife Simone Gbagbo, and former rebel leader an Guillaume Soro have all signaled an intent to run; whether pe the electoral commission will validate their candidacies is by unclear. The election may be targeted by disinformation ad campaigns, particularly from Russia, which has been T involved in such efforts across the continent. in Updated February 25, 2025 Figure I. Cbte d'Ivoire at a Glance urce: CRS Map. Data from CIA World Factbook, International netary Fund, World Economic Outlook database (October 2024 date), UNAIDS. 2024 estimates unless otherwise indicated. Foreign Affairs hile C6te d'Ivoire engages with various international tors, regional cooperation within Africa has been an portant focus of its foreign policy. The country maintains ong relationships with Western countries, particularly ance, and with China. nsions with Sahel Juntas. West Africa is experiencing a owing political divide. This division stems from the rise military-led governments in Mali, Burkina Faso, and ger, and their decision in early 2024 to withdraw from e Economic Community of West African States COWAS). C6te d'Ivoire's relations with neighboring urkina Faso have been particularly strained, marked by mutual accusations of destabilization and the detention of ch other's security personnel. ance. While several Sahel countries have severed nnections with France, President Ouattara has maintained arm ties with Paris, which he restored after a rift under bagbo. The two countries have strong trade and vestment links, although France is reducing its military esence amid the withdrawal of French troops from the hel since 2022. In late 2024, President Ouattara nounced a complete French troop withdrawal (about 600 rsonnel) and handover of French bases to Ivoirian control February 20, 2025. The two countries continue to minister the International Academy for the Fight Against errorism (AILCT), a training center near Abidjan augurated in 2021. China. The People's Republic of China (China, or PRC) is among C6te d'Ivoire's top import partners, and has

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