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1 1 (February 3, 2025)

handle is hein.crs/govesiy0001 and id is 1 raw text is: FY2024 Immigration Court Data: Case Outcomes February 3, 2025 Immigration courts within the U.S. Department ofJustice's Executive Office for Immigration Review (EOIR) adjudicate formal removal proceedings for foreign nationals whom the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) has charged with an immigration violation under the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA). During removal proceedings, immigration judges (IJs) determine whether such individuals (respondents) are subject to removal from the United States; and if so, whether they qualify for relief or protection from removal for which they have applied (e.g., asylum and withholding of removal). Respondents who fail to appear for their hearings are ordered removed in absentia. This Insight reviews immigration court outcomes for FY2024, including removal proceedings decisions, in absentia removal orders, and asylum application decisions. Another CRS Insight describes FY2024 caseload data, including case receipts and the pending cases backlog. Removal Case Decisions Possible outcomes for removal proceedings are the following: * Removal order: The IJ orders the respondent to be removed. * Dismissal: The IJ grants a party's motion to dismiss proceedings (including as a matter of DHS prosecutorial discretion) under specified conditions. * Termination: The IJ may terminate cases under certain circumstances, such as when DHS's charge cannot be sustained or the respondent has obtained U.S. citizenship or a lawful immigration status. * Relief granted: The IJ grants the respondent a form of relief from removal, such as asylum (described below) or, less commonly, cancellation of removal. * Voluntary departure: The IJ grants the respondent's request to leave the United States during a specific timeframe at his/her own expense without being ordered removed. * Withholding or deferral of removal: The IJ issues a removal order but grants protection under the INA or the United Nations Convention Against Torture, respectively, from return to a country where the respondent's life or freedom would be threatened or where Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov IN12501 CRS INSIGHT Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress

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