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1 1 (November 19, 2024)

handle is hein.crs/goverid0001 and id is 1 raw text is: Downloadable Federal Budget Data: Spending by Function, Subfunction, and Agency November 19, 2024 Tracking spending trends informs how Congress exercises its power of the purse granted by the Constitution. This Insight provides congressional clients with links to spreadsheets containing spending data broken down in various ways to make tracking spending more convenient. The Insight also explains key budgetary concepts and categories. Each year the President submits to Congress a consolidated budget for the federal government that proposes a detailed plan for funding government operations in the coming fiscal year. The budget submission presents fiscal data in the summary tables, Historical Tables, Analytical Perspectives, Budget Appendix, and other budget materials available on the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) website. OMB is an official source for historical budget data. Budget levels for prior fiscal years reflect budgetary outcomes, while those for the current fiscal year are estimates. Levels for later years reflect Administration proposals and projections. OMB Historical Tables show outlays and budget authority (BA) by agency; outlays and BA by budget function, which divide federal budgetary activities across 20 policy areas; and outlays by Budget Enforcement Act (BEA; P.L. 101-508) categories, among other tables. Those OMB tables contain no breakdown of BA and outlays by agency and BEA category. Nor do they include a breakdown of BA and outlays by budget function or subfunction and by BEA category. Congressional clients can download spreadsheets with those breakdowns below; CRS computed the spreadsheets using the OMB Public Budget Database. The OMB Database user guide contains important caveats. Changes in budget systems over time limit the comparability of data across years for some federal programs. For example, the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990 (P.L. 101-508) changed the budgetary treatment of federal credit programs starting in FY1992. The spreadsheets below include data on gross domestic product (GDP), the GDP price index, and national population estimates. GDP is an estimate of the value of goods and services produced within a country during a year. Measuring budgetary amounts as percentages of GDP links spending and revenues to the size ofthe national economy while implicitly adjusting for population, inflation, and income per capita. Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov IN12460 CRS INSIGHT Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress

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