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1 [1] (May 7, 2024)

handle is hein.crs/govepue0001 and id is 1 raw text is: Congressional Research Service informing the legislative debate since 1914 Updated May 7, 2024 Defense Primer: Procurement Overview While procurement implies a process of obtaining goods or services, the word also refers to a specific title and to associated accounts within the annual National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) and Department of Defense Appropriations Act. Appropriations for Procurement The Department of Defense (DOD) procurement appropriations title provides funds for nonconstruction- related investment costs-the costs to acquire capital assets, such as an F-35 Joint Strike Fighter aircraft or a Virginia- class submarine. Investment costs are distinguished from expenses-the costs of resources consumed in operating the department, such as food and fuel. DOD uses procurement appropriations to obtain various categories of materiel, including * new military hardware (e.g., aircraft, ships, armored vehicles, radios, and satellites); * upgrades to existing equipment, including service life extension or remanufacturing programs; * weapons and ammunition (e.g., air-to-air missiles and rifle rounds); and * spares and repair parts. Procurement funding provided to the department in a given fiscal year can usually be obligated over a period of three years. The most prominent exception is Navy Shipbuilding and Conversion funding, which is available for five years. The Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2024 (P.L. 118-47) provided $168.7 billion for procurement accounts (see Table 1). NDAA and Defense Appropriations CRS In Focus IF10516, Defense Primer Navigating the NDAA CRS In Focus IF10515, Defense Primer The NDAA Process CRS In Focus IF10514, Defense Primer Defense Appropriations Process How is DOD Procurement Funded? In general, Congress appropriates money for defense procurement under a policy offullfunding, which requires funding the entire procurement cost of end-items (e.g., AIM-9 Sidewinder missiles or KC-46A refueling tankers) in one fiscal year. In other words, the total funding necessary to acquire a useable end-item is approved by Congress in a single fiscal year, even though related work may span many years. Table I. Funding for DOD Procurement Accounts in the Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2024 (Division A of P.L. 1 18-47) Account (Acronym) $ (billions) Aircraft Procurement, Army (APA) $3.3 Missile Procurement, Army (MIPA) $4.6 Procurement of Weapons and Tracked $4.2 Combat Vehicles, Army (WTCV) Procurement of Ammunition, Army (PAA) $2.9 Other Procurement, Army (OPA) $8.6 Aircraft Procurement, Navy (APN) $19.8 Weapons Procurement, Navy (WPN) $5.9 Procurement of Ammunition, Navy and Marine $1.2 Corps (PANMC) Shipbuilding and Conversion, Navy (SCN) $33.7 Other Procurement, Navy (OPN) $14.4 Procurement, Marine Corps (PMC) $3.9 Aircraft Procurement, Air Force (APAF) $20.8 Missile Procurement, Air Force (MPAF) $4.7 Procurement of Ammunition, Air Force $0.6 (PAAF) Other Procurement, Air Force (OPAF) $31.3 Procurement, Space Force (PSF) $4.1 Procurement, Defense-Wide (PDW) $6.4 Defense Production Act Purchases $0.6 National Guard and Reserve Equipment $1.0 TOTAL $168.7 Source: CRS analysis of Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2024 (Division A of P.L. 118-47) and accompanying explanatory statement.

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