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1 1 (May 7, 2024)

handle is hein.crs/govepfk0001 and id is 1 raw text is: Mexico's 2024 Elections May 7, 2024 On June 2, 2024, Mexico, atop U.S. trade and strategic partner, is scheduled to convene elections for more than 20,000 federal, state, and local offices, including the presidency, the entire congress (Senate and Chamber of Deputies), and eight governorships. The leading presidential candidates offer voters a choice on whether to elect President Andres Manuel L6pez Obrador's chosen successor, Claudia Sheinbaum, or the opposition alliance candidate, X6chitl Galvez, who has pledged to implement policy changes in several areas. Either candidate, if elected, would be Mexico's first female president. The 118t Congress has undertaken various legislative and oversight initiatives related to issues involving cross-border cooperation with Mexico, fentanyl trafficking, migration, and continued implementation of the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA). Members may wish to assess the election's results and their implications for ongoing cooperation on these and other issues in U.S.-Mexico relations. Electoral System and Context Mexico's 2024 elections are to be the largest in the country's history. The president is to be elected by plurality vote and is scheduled to assume power on October 1, 2024. In the legislative contests, voters are to elect 128 senators and 500 members of congress (deputies). Mexico's constitution limits presidents to a single six-year term but allows nonconsecutive reelection to the Mexican congress. The legacy of outgoing President L6pez Obrador is likely to loom over the 2024 elections. Although some of his actions as president have stoked controversy, L6pez Obrador has maintained approval ratings above 60% and overseen the transformation of his party, the left-leaning National Regeneration Movement (MORENA), into the dominant force in Mexican politics, replacing the centrist Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). MORENA currently holds a plurality of seats in the lower chamber, a majority of seats in the Senate, and 21 of 32 governorships. L6pez Obrador's popularity appears to stem from his policies to improve living standards for poor and working-class Mexicans and his populist approach to politics, which emphasizes direct communication with the Mexican people. Critics have accused L6pez Obrador of attempting to weaken independent government institutions and the judiciary. For example, L6pez Obrador proposed reforms that would have reduced the staff, authorities, and independence of the electoral authority and electoral court, aiming to reduce costs and fraud. The Mexican supreme court subsequently blocked most of those reforms. Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov IN12356 CRS INSIGHT Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress

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