HeinOnline is a subscription-based resource containing thousands of academic and legal journals from inception; complete coverage of government documents such as U.S. Statutes at Large, U.S. Code, Federal Register, Code of Federal Regulations, U.S. Reports, and much more. Documents are image-based, fully searchable PDFs with the authority of print combined with the accessibility of a user-friendly and powerful database. For more information, request a quote or trial for your organization below.
![handle is hein.crs/govepca0001 and id is 1 raw text is: Congressional Research Service
Informing the legislative debate since 1914
May 13, 2024
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
FY2025 Budget Request and Appropriations
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
(NOAA) is an agency in the Department of Commerce
whose mission is to understand and predict changes in
climate, weather, oceans, and coasts; share that information;
and conserve and manage coastal and marine ecosystems
and resources. NOAA's work is divided among six line
offices: National Environmental Satellite, Data, and
Information Service (NESDIS); National Marine Fisheries
Service (NMFS); National Ocean Service (NOS); National
Weather Service (NWS); Office of Oceanic and
Atmospheric Research (OAR); and Office of Marine and
Aviation Operations (OMAO). NOAA's Mission Support
provides planning, leadership, finances, information
technology, educational programming, and other support
across the line offices.
Congress has provided NOAA with annual mandatory and
discretionary appropriations. Mandatory appropriations,
which generally comprise a small percentage of total
NOAA funding, are disbursed to various accounts that
support programs in NOS, NMFS, and OMAO. NOAA's
discretionary appropriations typically are included in the
annual Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies
appropriations act. Discretionary appropriations support
two broad accounts-Operations, Research, and Facilities
(ORF) and Procurement, Acquisition, and Construction
(PAC)-as well as a few smaller accounts. This product
focuses on the Administration's request for NOAA's
FY2025 discretionary funding for ORF and PAC. It
describes some of NOAA's proposed changes in the
FY2025 budget request, including to NOAA's NESDIS,
NOS, and OAR line office activities.
Agency Funding
NOAA requested over $6.9 billion in discretionary direct
obligations for ORF and PAC for FY2025, including
almost $6.5 billion in appropriations (Figure 1). NOAA
requested a total of $7.1 billion in direct obligations for all
accounts. Direct obligations include annual appropriations,
transfers, and recoveries from prior year obligations. The
request is $129.0 million above the FY2025 base level and
$175.1 million over the FY2024 enacted amount. NOAA
calculated the FY2025 base level as equal to the FY2024
Annualized Continuing Resolution (P.L. 118-40) amount
plus expected Adjustments-To-Base, such as certain
inflationary adjustments. Proposed changes to the base level
reflect Administration priorities. For FY2024, Congress
provided $6.7 billion in annual ORF and PAC discretionary
direct obligations (Figure 1). Congress also has provided
NOAA with supplemental appropriations available to the
agency in FY2025; these are described in the following
section.
Figure I. ORF and PAC Annual Direct Obligations,
FY20 I 5-FY2025
($ in billions, nominal and adjusted)
N NOAA Requested Congress Enacted
$8 Billions
Congress Enacted
4 in 2023 Dollars
$7
$6
$5
$4
r4 . 4 - 4 r4 Cr 4 N r r4 r'J
N i rJ 'J r r4 N~ r1J N~ r1
LL LL LL LL LL LL U I LL LL LL
Sources: CRS, from NOAA budget justifications, congressional
explanatory statements, and Office of Management and Budget,
Historical Tables, Table 10.1.
Notes: See text for abbreviations. Figure does not include
supplemental appropriations. Direct obligations include
appropriations, transfers, and recoveries from prior year obligations.
Supplemental Appropriations Available in FY2025
Congress provided supplemental appropriations to NOAA
for ORF and PAC that are available in FY2025. According
to NOAA, the following amounts are available in FY2025:
* $515.6 million for restoration, observation, modeling,
forecasting activities, and other purposes (provided
under the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act [IIJA];
P.L. 117-58);
* $330.0 million for conservation, restoration, protection,
construction, reviews, research and forecasting,
computing, aircraft acquisition, and other purposes
(provided under P.L. 117-169, known as the Inflation
Reduction Act of 2022 [IRA]); and
* $34.0 million for fishing gear and techniques, aircraft
acquisition, and other uses (provided under P.L. 117-
328).
0](ViewImageLocal?handle=hein.crs/govepca0001&div=1&collection=&method=preview&ext=.png&size=3)