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1 1 (December 4, 2023)

handle is hein.crs/govenpm0001 and id is 1 raw text is: Congressional ~. Research Servi e Informing the I g~ lative de a e since 9 4 Atmospheric Rivers: Background and Forecasting Updated December 4, 2023 An atrnospheric river (AR) consists of a long band of water vapor moving through the atmosphere, typically resulting in heavy precipitation over land (Figure 1). Improved AR observations and understanding (especially for large ARs) may facilitate flood preparedness and response and water supply management. This is especially true in some snowpack-dominated watersheds. ARs significantly influence U.S. West Coast water conditions, producing on average 30%-50% of the region's annual precipitation, and sometimes more. For example, from late December 2022 through mid-January 2023, ARs delivered about half of California's average annual precipitation, and more ARs followed in the spring. ARs may have implications for other U.S. regions, as well. For instance, ARs from the Gulf of Mexico contributed to central U.S. flooding in 1983 and 2008 and southern U.S. flooding in 2016. Congress may direct AR research and the use of AR information through authorizations and appropriations for agencies, such as the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), which conduct and support AR science, and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), which manages water resources and flood risks. Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov IN12094 CRS INSIGHT Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress -

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