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1 1 (September 25, 2023)

handle is hein.crs/govemyb0001 and id is 1 raw text is: Congressional Research Service Sinforring the Iegislative debate since 1914 Climate Change and Extreme Heat September 25, 2023 The United States experienced a series of record-breaking heat waves during the summer of 2023. The heat waves brought extreme temperatures to various U.S. regions, including Puerto Rico, the southern Plains, and the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic states, with life threatening conditions in some areas. These heat waves are part of a trend of rising global temperatures. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) maintain datasets of global average surface temperatures. According to these datasets, as of January 2023, the warmest years since the advent of modern recordkeeping occurred in 2010-2022, with 2016 and 2020 tied (i.e., statistically indistinguishable) as the warmest years on record (Figure 1). Figure I. Global Average Temperature Anomalies 1850-2022 Source: NOAA, National Centers for Environmental information, Climate at a Glance: Global Time Series. Note: Global average temperature anomalies calculated as deviations from the 1901-2000 baseline average. Independently developed global temperatures datasets that differ from the NASA and NOAA datasets in duration and methodology, including analyses using different baseline reference temperatures, show close agreement (Figure 2) with respect to global temperatures and trends. Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov IN12250 CRS INSIGHT Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress

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