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              Congressional                                                      ____
           R ~fesearch Service






Shelter and Services Program (SSP) FY2023

Funding



Updated August 30, 2023


On June 12, 2023, the Department of Homeland Security (DHS)/Federal Emergency Management
Agency (FEMA)  published the first notice of funding opportunity (NOFO) for the new Shelter and
Services Program (SSP). The SSP is a grant program that funds reimbursement or advanced payments to
nonfederal entities that provide shelter and other eligible services to migrants encountered by and released
from DHS  custody, as well as funding to increase their temporary shelter capacity.
The SSP is replacing the Emergency Food and Shelter Program-Humanitarian (EFSP-H), which
supplemented the humanitarian relief efforts of local government and nonprofit organizations providing
food, shelter, and supportive services to migrants encountered by DHS at the southern border. However,
the SSP is being implemented somewhat differently, as described below.


Authority and Background

The Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 2023 (P.L. 117-328, Div. F, Title II) directed
U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) to transfer $800 million of its FY2023 appropriation to
FEMA   for the SSP. The funding is
       to support sheltering and related activities provided by non-Federal entities, including facility
       improvements and construction, in support of relieving overcrowding in short-term holding facilities
       of U.S. Customs and Border Protection....
Congress authorized FEMA to use a portion of the $800 million-specifically, up to $785 million-to
implement the EFSP-H in FY2023 while the SSP was established. FEMA awarded $425 million for the
EFSP-H. DHS  stated that the remaining funding, totaling approximately $360 million, would be awarded
through the SSP. On June 12, 2023, DHS/FEMA published the NOFO for the first tranche of SSP
funding. Subsequently, on August 21, 2023, DHS/FEMA amended the original NOFO, updating it for the
second tranche of SSP funding.
For more information on the EFSP-H and transition to the SSP, see CRS Insight IN 12132, FEA L4'
Emergency Food and Shelter Program-Humanitarian Relief (EFSP-H) and the New Shelter and Services
Program  (SSP).
                                                                Congressional Research Service
                                                                https://crsreports.congress.gov
                                                                                     IN12177

CRS INSIGHT
Prepared for Members and
Committees of Congress

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